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Process Data set: cement production;cement, common portland cement;China average (en) en zh

Key Data Set Information
Location CN
Reference year 2010
Name
cement production;cement, common portland cement;China average
Use advice for data set This LCA data set is based on market shares of different cement production technologies and their scale of operation. Users should note that the average data reflects the weighted consumption of raw materials across various production scales and technologies, including large, medium, and small new dry process facilities, as well as shaft kilns. The methodological consideration must be the use of this data in the context of cement with a 70% clinker content. The data assumes China-specific technology mix and should only be used as such without extrapolation to other regions without appropriate adjustments. Furthermore, users looking to study specific types or qualities of cement production should acquire more detailed data rather than relying on this average.
Technical purpose of product or process The described data set is intended for representing the environmental impacts of average cement production processes in China, specifically for general Portland cement. The information is relevant for studies on the construction industry, where cement is a fundamental material for building infrastructure, commercial and residential buildings, and for creating concrete by mixing with aggregates and water.
Classification
Class name : Hierarchy level
  • ILCD: Unit processes / Materials production / Other mineralic materials
General comment on data set The average data for China are based on market shares for each cement production process technology and size, and the respective raw material consumption. Market shares of cement production process technologies and sizes: large new dry process (>4000 t-clinker/day), 29.32%; medium new dry process (2000-4000 t-clinker/day), 23.21%; small new dry process (<2000 t-clinker/day), 9.29%; shaft kiln (<2000 t-clinker/day), 38.18%.
Copyright No
Owner of data set
Quantitative reference
Reference flow(s)
Technological representativeness
Technology description including background system Market share of cement production process technology and scale: large-scale new dry process (>4000 tons-clinker/day), 29.32%; medium-sized new dry process (2000~4000 tons-clinker/day), 23.21%; small-scale new dry process Method (<2000 tons-clinker/day), 9.29%; vertical kiln (<2000 tons-clinker/day), 38.18%.
Flow diagram(s) or picture(s)
  • I8cIbUvbcopgUexRynIc3bhvnhf.png Image
Mathematical model
Model description Take 1 ton of general cement produced in China with a clinker content of 70% as the functional unit. Cement production includes raw meal preparation, clinker calcination and cement grinding.
LCI method and allocation
Type of data set Unit process, black box
Deviation from LCI method principle / explanations None
Deviation from modelling constants / explanations None
Data sources, treatment and representativeness
Deviation from data cut-off and completeness principles / explanations None
Deviation from data selection and combination principles / explanations None
Deviation from data treatment and extrapolations principles / explanations None
Data source(s) used for this data set
Completeness
Completeness of product model No statement
Validation
Type of review
Dependent internal review
Reviewer name and institution
Data generator
Data set generator / modeller
Data entry by
Time stamp (last saved) 2024-03-19T21:18:09+08:00
Publication and ownership
UUID 1129701c-e75d-4573-9d2b-c2016d9a1b05
Date of last revision 2024-04-20T14:42:24.237157+08:00
Data set version 00.01.005
Permanent data set URI https://lcadata.tiangong.world/showProcess.xhtml?uuid=1129701c-e75d-4573-9d2b-c2016d9a1b05&amp;version=01.00.000&amp;stock=TianGong
Owner of data set
Copyright No
License type Free of charge for all users and uses

Inputs

Type of flow Classification Flow Location Mean amount Resulting amount Minimum amount Maximum amount
Product flow
Materials production / Other mineralic materials 920.0 kg920.0 kg
General comment Limestone
Elementary flow
Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable material resources from ground 130.0 kg130.0 kg
General comment Clay
Product flow
Materials production / Other mineralic materials 50.0 kg50.0 kg
General comment Gypsum
Elementary flow
Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable energy resources from ground 126.49 MJ126.49 MJ
General comment Coal consumption during clinker burning. The coal consumption during burning is calculated based on the standard coal consumption per ton of clinker of different production processes and scales.
Elementary flow
Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable energy resources from ground 3.5 MJ3.5 MJ
General comment Coal consumption during raw material drying. The research takes the coal consumption for drying as 3.50kg/t-cement.
Product flow
Energy carriers and technologies / Electricity 187.27200000000002 MJ187.27200000000002 MJ
General comment Electricity consumption during clinker burning. The electricity consumption is calculated based on the comprehensive electricity consumption for different production processes and scales.
Product flow
Energy carriers and technologies / Electricity 153.36 MJ153.36 MJ
General comment Other electricity consumption. Electricity is mainly used for the drive of raw material crushing, raw mill, cement mill, dust removal equipment and other machinery. Electricity consumption is calculated according to the comprehensive electricity consumption of different production processes and scales.

Outputs

Type of flow Classification Flow Location Mean amount Resulting amount Minimum amount Maximum amount
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified 597.48 kg597.48 kg
General comment The CO2 emissions are calculated theoretically and consist of two aspects: on the one hand from the use of coal for calcining clinker and on the other hand from the decomposition of carbonates during the calcination of raw materials such as limestone (CaCO3) to produce lime (CaO).
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified 0.28 kg0.28 kg
General comment SO2. SO2, NOX, and COD emissions were obtained from the results of the recent China Cement Industry Pollution Source Survey.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified 0.78 kg0.78 kg
General comment NOX. SO2, NOX, and COD emissions were obtained from the results of the recent China Cement Industry Pollution Source Survey.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified 0.3995 kg0.3995 kg
General comment <PM2.5. The graded emissions of particulate matter from cement products in functional units were calculated based on the investigation of particulate matter production coefficients of different cement production processes and scales by the pollution source census, as well as the proportion of particulate matter generated by different cement production equipment and the share of dust removal technology application and graded dust removal efficiency.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified 0.1392 kg0.1392 kg
General comment PM2.5-10. The graded emissions of particulate matter from cement products in functional units were calculated based on the investigation of particulate matter production coefficients of different cement production processes and scales by the pollution source census, as well as the proportion of particulate matter generated by different cement production equipment and the share of dust removal technology application and graded dust removal efficiency.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified 0.0582 kg0.0582 kg
General comment >PM10. The graded emissions of particulate matter from cement products in functional units were calculated based on the investigation of particulate matter production coefficients of different cement production processes and scales by the pollution source census, as well as the proportion of particulate matter generated by different cement production equipment and the share of dust removal technology application and graded dust removal efficiency.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to water / Emissions to water, unspecified 1.58E-4 kg1.58E-4 kg
General comment COD. SO2, NOX, and COD emissions were obtained from the results of the recent China Cement Industry Pollution Source Survey.
Product flow
Materials production / Other mineralic materials 1000.0 kg1000.0 kg
General comment General cement with a clinker content of 70%.