Process information
| Key Data Set Information | |
| Location | CN |
| Reference year | 2021 |
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| Use advice for data set | When utilizing this data set for Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), ensure to account for the full process chain, including pretreatment, acid leaching, co-precipitation, and sintering. Consider the recovery yields of metal sulfates during extraction, which are suggested to reach up to 100%. Model the use phase behavior accurately, including the efficiency of disassembling and the yield of NMC from the spent batteries. Note that one ton of retired batteries can yield approximately 333.9 kg of spent NMC532, which serves as the input raw material for the recycle process. |
| Technical purpose of product or process | The NMC532 hydrometallurgical recycling process is intended for recovering valuable metals from used NMC (Nickel Manganese Cobalt) batteries. This process mostly applies to the recycling industry where the aim is to extract and reclaim Ni, Co, and Mn from degraded lithium-ion batteries, and transform these extracted materials into new NMC cathode materials for reuse in battery manufacturing. |
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| General comment on data set | The used NMC cells are firstly pretreated, then acid leaching is performed to get metal sulfate, and NMC precursors are obtained by adding alkali for co-precipitation, and new NMC is obtained by sintering. |
| Copyright | No |
| Owner of data set | |
| Quantitative reference | |
| Reference flow(s) | |
| Functional Unit | 333.9 kg of the degraded NMC532 can be sorted from per 1 ton of degraded battery |
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Modelling and validation
Administrative information
Inputs and Outputs