03b5e45c-217e-4fbd-aedf-c58994f152e5 Glyphosate production ; Glycine process 草甘膦生产;甘氨酸工艺 Unit processes Materials production Organic chemicals For the glycine process, the glycine-to-glyphosate conversion, as the main production process, usually takes place by one enterprise. The intermediates, chloroacetic acid and glycine, are generally produced by different enterprises. The glycine-toglyphosate part has a characteristic of an “one-pot” reaction. First, paraformaldehyde undergoes depolymerization catalyzed by triethylamine in anhydrous methanol. Second, it reacts with glycine and dimethylphosphonate (DMPP) via the Mannich reaction in the same solution. Third, concentrated aqueous hydrochloric acid (31%) is added and heated to reflux, thus the glyphosate is formed. Recovery of methylchloride is very important for the glycine process. The glycine process has two sources of methylchloride byproduct. One is from the synthesis of DMPP by reaction of PCl3 with anhydrous methanol via the Arbuzov reaction. The second is from the acidic hydrolysis of the Mannich reaction intermediates. 对于甘氨酸工艺来说，甘氨酸转化为草甘膦作为主要生产工艺，通常由一家企业进行。中间体氯乙酸和甘氨酸一般由不同企业生产。甘氨酸-草甘膦部分具有“一锅”反应的特点。首先，多聚甲醛在无水甲醇中通过三乙胺催化解聚。其次，它在同一溶液中通过曼尼希反应与甘氨酸和膦酸二甲酯 (DMPP) 发生反应。第三，加入浓盐酸水溶液(31％)，加热回流，形成草甘膦。氯甲烷的回收对于甘氨酸工艺非常重要。甘氨酸工艺有两个氯甲烷副产物来源。一种是通过PCl3与无水甲醇通过Arbuzov反应合成DMPP。第二种是来自曼尼希反应中间体的酸性水解。 producing 1000 kg glyphosate 0 2007 2009 The data on material consumption adopted in the article are based on the authors’ earlier studies. We also consulted ten enterprises in China between 2007 and 2009. They are leading producers of glyphosate and its intermediates both in capacity and state-of-the-art technology. 文中采用的物质消耗数据基于作者前期的研究。 2007年至2009年间，我们还咨询了中国的10家企业。他们是草甘膦及其中间体产能和技术领先的生产商。 Four out of the ten enterprises we consulted are publicly listed glyphosate manufacturers. Their total manufacturing capacity accounts for about 30% of China’s overall glyphosate capacity. The remaining are six intermediate producers, including two chloroacetic acid manufacturers, two glycine manufacturers, and two iminodiacetonitrile manufacturers. In 2012, we further communicated with a leading producer of the ethanolamine series from ethylene oxide and ammonia in China. 我们咨询的十家企业中有四家是上市草甘膦生产商。他们的总产能约占中国草甘膦总产能的30%。其余为六家中间体生产商，包括两家氯乙酸生产商、两家甘氨酸生产商和两家亚氨基二乙腈生产商。 2012年，我们与国内一家环氧乙烷氨乙醇胺系列龙头生产商进行了进一步沟通。 Glyphosate produced through the glycine process is widely used as a broad-spectrum systemic herbicide to kill weeds, especially annual broadleaf weeds and grasses that compete with crops. It is utilized in agriculture, horticulture, and silviculture, as well as garden maintenance (including home use). 通过甘氨酸工艺生产的草甘膦主要用作广谱系统除草剂，杀灭农作物竞争的杂草，特别是一年生阔叶杂草和禾本科杂草。它被广泛用于农业、园艺、林业以及园园维护（包括家庭使用）。 QoEIb92Moo6y0Ex0AC3cpu3anBd.png LCI result None 无 None 无 None 无 None 无 None 无 Tian, J., Shi, H., Li, X., Yin, Y. & Chen, L. Coupling mass balance analysis and multi-criteria ranking to assess the commercial-scale synthetic alternatives: a case study on glyphosate. Green Chem. 14, 1990–2000 (2012). Tian, J., Shi, H., Li, X., Yin, Y. & Chen, L. Coupling mass balance analysis and multi-criteria ranking to assess the commercial-scale synthetic alternatives: a case study on glyphosate. Green Chem. 14, 1990–2000 (2012). Four out of the ten enterprises we consulted are publicly listed glyphosate manufacturers. Their total manufacturing capacity accounts for about 30% of China’s overall glyphosate capacity. The remaining are six intermediate producers, including two chloroacetic acid manufacturers, two glycine manufacturers, and two iminodiacetonitrile manufacturers. In 2012, we further communicated with a leading producer of the ethanolamine series from ethylene oxide and ammonia in China. 我们咨询的十家企业中有四家是上市草甘膦生产商。他们的总产能约占中国草甘膦总产能的30%。其余为六家中间体生产商，包括两家氯乙酸生产商、两家甘氨酸生产商和两家亚氨基二乙腈生产商。 2012年，我们与国内一家环氧乙烷氨乙醇胺系列龙头生产商进行了进一步沟通。 The Life Cycle Assessment data for the glycine process of glyphosate production should carefully consider the material consumption specific to the investigated enterprises, which are leading in capacity and technology. Users should account for regional production differences and incorporate specific data regarding the recovery of methylchloride critical to the process. The information should be updated to reflect advancing technologies and current manufacturing practices. 对于草甘膦甘氨酸工艺的生命周期评估数据，应仔细考虑调查的具有领先产能和技术的企业的特定物质消耗。用户应计入区域生产差异，并纳入与工艺至关重要的氯甲烷回收相关的特定数据。信息应更新以反映先进技术和当前的制造实践。 without the information about energy, waster and transportation. 没有有关能源、废物和交通的信息。 Inventory: The internal review was done by several iteration steps concerning raw data validation, raw data documentation, representativity, completeness and consistency of modelling with regard to ISO 14040 and 14044. 清单： 内部审查通过几个迭代步骤完成，涉及原始数据验证、原始数据记录、代表性、完整性、与 ISO 14040 和 14044 有关的建模的一致性。 Tiangong LCI Data Working Group 天工LCI数据工作小组 Kailingli Liao, calinly@163.com 玲俐, calinly@163.com calinly@163.com calinly@163.com 2023-12-18T17:31:02+08:00 2024-04-20T14:52:29.552734+08:00 00.01.005 https://lcadata.tiangong.world/showProcess.xhtml?uuid=03b5e45c-217e-4fbd-aedf-c58994f152e5&version=01.00.000&stock=TianGong Tiangong LCI Data Working Group 天工LCI数据工作小组 false Free of charge for all users and uses glyphosate Output 1000.0 1000.0 Measured PMG PMG methylal Output 500.0 500.0 Measured CH3(OCH3)2, output CH3(OCH3)2，产出 Methyl chloride Output 1000.0 1000.0 Measured CH3Cl, output CH3Cl，产出 Water Output 2887.0 2887.0 Measured H2O, wastewater H2O，废水 Waste (unspecified) Output 256.0 256.0 Measured Others, waste Others，废物 Sodium chloride waste Output 372.0 372.0 Measured NaCl, waste NaCl，废物 hydrogen chloride Output 66.5 66.5 Measured HCl, exhaust gas HCl，废气 Waste (unspecified) Output 284.0 284.0 Measured DMPP related waste DMPP related waste methanol Output 93.0 93.0 Measured CH3OH, waste CH3OH，废物 formaldehyde Output 115.0 115.0 Measured HCHO, waste HCHO，废物 Waste (unspecified) Output 150.0 150.0 Measured Glycine realted (Including unreacted glycine, N-methylglycine, CH2(NHCH2COOH)2,etc) waste Glycine realted (Including unreacted glycine, N-methylglycine, CH2(NHCH2COOH)2,etc) waste Triethylamine waste Output 40.0 40.0 Measured Et3N, waste Et3N，废物 Triethylamine Output 1160.0 1160.0 Measured Et3N, recycled Et3N，循环回用 Triethylamine Input 1200.0 1200.0 Measured Et3N Et3N sodium hydroxide Input 850.0 850.0 Measured NaOH，aq.30% NaOH，aq.30% hydrogen chloride gas Input 3250.0 3250.0 Measured HCl，aq.30% HCl，aq.30% Methanol Input 550.0 550.0 Measured CH3OH CH3OH polyformaldehyde Input 482.0 482.0 Measured (HCHO)n (HCHO)n hydrogen chloride Output 720.0 720.0 Measured HCl(g) HCl(g) Methyl chloride Output 556.0 556.0 Measured CH3Cl, output CH3Cl，产出 methanol Output 137.0 137.0 Measured CH3OH, waste CH3OH，废物 Phosphorus Output 48.0 48.0 Measured P, waste P，废物 chlorine Output 128.0 128.0 Measured Chlorine off gas Chlorine off gas Methanol Input 1071.0 1071.0 Measured CH3OH CH3OH Chlorine Input 1219.0 1219.0 Measured Cl2 Cl2 phosphorus Input 330.0 330.0 Measured P P Waste (unspecified) Output 316.0 316.0 Measured Others, waste Others，废物 Hexamethylenetetramine waste Output 58.0 58.0 Measured (CH2)6N4, waste (CH2)6N4，废物 Iminodiacetic Acid waste Output 104.0 104.0 Measured IDA, waste IDA，废物 methanol Output 175.0 175.0 Measured CH3OH, waste CH3OH，废物 Ammonium Chloride Output 460.0 460.0 Measured NH4Cl, output NH4Cl，产出 Methanol Output 1825.0 1825.0 Measured CH3OH, recycled CH3OH，循环回用 Methanol Input 2000.0 2000.0 Measured CH3OH CH3OH Hexamethylenetetramine Input 58.0 58.0 Measured (CH2)6N4 (CH2)6N4 Ammonia Input 292.0 292.0 Measured NH3 NH3 hydrogen chloride Output 330.0 330.0 Measured HCl(g), exhaust gas HCl(g)，废气 Waste (unspecified) Output 82.0 82.0 Measured Dichloroacetic acid, Trichloroacetic acid waste Dichloroacetic acid, Trichloroacetic acid waste Chlorine Input 736.0 736.0 Measured Cl2 Cl2 acetic anhydride Input 49.0 49.0 Measured Ac2O Ac2O acetic acid Input 514.0 514.0 Measured This HAc