19088ca8-c30e-4fd3-ae00-7b0462921036 Calcination of Rare Earth Oxides (REO);Rare earth oxide;Rare earth oxide process;Bayan Obo 稀土氧化物煅烧;稀土氧化物;稀土氧化物工艺;白云鄂博 Unit processes Materials production Inorganic chemicals Rare earth oxides (REOs) produced through this process are utilized in various applications including electronics, renewable energy technologies, and manufacturing of advanced materials. Specifically, they are integral in the production of powerful magnets used in wind turbines and electric vehicles, as well as in catalysts, glass additives, and metallurgy. 通过此过程生产的稀土氧化物（REO）用于电子、可再生能源技术和先进材料制造等各种应用。具体来说，它们是生产用于风力涡轮机和电动汽车中的强大磁铁、催化剂、玻璃添加剂和冶金学的重要组成部分。 The scope of the LCA is cradle-to-gate and the functional unit was chosen as 1 kg of REO. 12 2014 Bayan Obo (China) The process chain for REO production includes mining followed by beneficiation, calcination, extraction, and roasting stages, see Figure 2. The first step in REO production is mining, wherein crude ore is blasted and transported for further refining. Crude ore abstracted from the Bayan Obo mine is composed of both monazite and bastnasite. REO 生产的工艺链包括采矿，然后是选矿、煅烧、提取和焙烧阶段，见图 2。REO 生产的第一步是采矿，其中原矿石被爆破并运输以进一步精炼。从白云鄂博矿开采的原矿石由独居石和氟碳铈矿组成。 Rare earth oxides (REOs) produced through this process are utilized in various applications including electronics, renewable energy technologies, and manufacturing of advanced materials. Specifically, they are integral in the production of powerful magnets used in wind turbines and electric vehicles, as well as in catalysts, glass additives, and metallurgy. 通过此过程生产的稀土氧化物（REO）用于电子、可再生能源技术和先进材料制造等各种应用。具体来说，它们是生产用于风力涡轮机和电动汽车中的强大磁铁、催化剂、玻璃添加剂和冶金学的重要组成部分。 L9Z0bWwwooNULexbd6EcxgCvnhe.png Unit process, single operation Attributional None 无 Allocation - market value Allocation - exergetic content None 无 None 无 None 无 None 无 Zaimes, G. G., Hubler, B. J., Wang, S. & Khanna, V. Environmental Life Cycle Perspective on Rare Earth Oxide Production. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 3, 237–244 (2015). Zaimes, G. G., Hubler, B. J., Wang, S. & Khanna, V. Environmental Life Cycle Perspective on Rare Earth Oxide Production. ACS Sustainable Chem. Eng. 3, 237–244 (2015). Users of this LCA data should follow the market-value based allocation method to estimate the environmental impacts of REO production unless there is a specific reason to use an alternative allocation scheme. It is important to apply this data with the understanding that it represents a conservative benchmark of the environmental profile of REEs. Additionally, when extending or applying the data to evaluate the production of individual REE or REE-based technologies and products, ensure that geographical relevance is considered, i.e., Chinese-specific data is used for China, and European LCI data is used when applicable to other regions. LCA数据的用户应遵循基于市场价值的分配方法来估算REO生产的环境影响，除非有特定的理由使用其他分配方案。理解该数据代表REE环境概况的保守基准是重要的。另外，当扩展或应用数据来评估个别REE或基于REE的技术和产品的生产时，确保考虑地理相关性，即对中国使用中国特定的数据，适用其他地区时使用欧洲LCI数据。 Inventory: The internal review was done by several iteration steps concerning raw data validation, raw data documentation, representativity, completeness and consistency of modelling with regard to ISO 14040 and 14044. 清单： 内部审查通过几个迭代步骤完成，涉及原始数据验证、原始数据记录、代表性、完整性、与 ISO 14040 和 14044 有关的建模的一致性。 Tiangong LCI Data Working Group 天工LCI数据工作小组 Tao Wang, twang@iue.ac.cn 汪涛, twang@iue.ac.cn twang@iue.ac.cn twang@iue.ac.cn 2024-04-19T19:30:05+08:00 2024-04-20T15:07:19.611257+08:00 00.01.005 https://lcadata.tiangong.world/showProcess.xhtml?uuid=19088ca8-c30e-4fd3-ae00-7b0462921036&version=01.00.000&stock=TianGong Tiangong LCI Data Working Group 天工LCI数据工作小组 false Free of charge for all users and uses water Input 17.216 17.216 Calculated heat Input 6.621 6.621 Calculated sulphuric acid Input 3.214 3.214 Calculated Oxidant (FeCl3) Input 0.906 0.906 Oxidant (FeCl3) Oxidant (FeCl3) electricity from hydroelectric power plant Input 0.012 0.012 fluoride Input 0.003 0.003 Measured Sulphur oxides (as SO2) Input 0.529 0.529 carbon dioxide (fossil) Output 0.083 0.083 原文未区分bio和fossil，根据专家判断此处为fossil hydrogen fluoride Output 0.068 0.068 sulphuric acid Output 0.18 0.18 fluoride Output 0.0005 0.0005 Measured Suspended solids, unspecified,Suspended solids, unspecified Output 0.011 0.011 Measured Rare Earth Element sulfate Output 1.0 1.0 Measured