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<processDataSet xmlns:common="http://lca.jrc.it/ILCD/Common" xmlns="http://lca.jrc.it/ILCD/Process" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="1.1" locations="../ILCDLocations.xml" xsi:schemaLocation="http://lca.jrc.it/ILCD/Process ../../schemas/ILCD_ProcessDataSet.xsd">
	<processInformation>
		<dataSetInformation>
			<common:UUID>35a9a83f-dbca-4bac-86bb-6058272f12d3</common:UUID>
			<name>
				<baseName xml:lang="en">Steel production ; Total of all wind farm</baseName>
				<baseName xml:lang="zh">钢生产 ; 整个风电场</baseName>
			</name>
			<classificationInformation>
				<common:classification>
					<common:class level="0">Unit processes</common:class>
					<common:class level="1">Materials production</common:class>
					<common:class level="2">Metals and semimetals</common:class>
				</common:classification>
			</classificationInformation>
			<common:generalComment xml:lang="en">This dataset describes the industrial process of steel production specifically for the construction and operation of the Donghai Bridge Offshore Wind Farm (DBOWF). It is utilized for providing data for Life Cycle Assessment studies aimed to evaluate the environmental impact associated with the manufacturing, transportation, installation, operation, and maintenance of offshore wind farms in China.</common:generalComment>
			<common:generalComment xml:lang="zh">此数据集描述了东海大桥海上风电场（DBOWF）建设和运营所需钢铁生产的工业过程。该数据集用于提供生命周期评估研究的数据，旨在评估与中国海上风电场的制造、运输、安装、运行和维护有关的环境影响。</common:generalComment>
		</dataSetInformation>
		<quantitativeReference type="Reference flow(s)">
			<functionalUnitOrOther xml:lang="en">The functional unit is 1 kWh on-grid electricity provision.</functionalUnitOrOther>
			<referenceToReferenceFlow>5</referenceToReferenceFlow>
		</quantitativeReference>
		<time>
			<common:referenceYear>2009</common:referenceYear>
		</time>
		<geography>
			<locationOfOperationSupplyOrProduction location="SH-CN">
				<descriptionOfRestrictions xml:lang="en">The studied wind farm, the Donghai Bridge Offshore Wind Farm (DBOWF), is China's first offshore wind farm within the jurisdiction of Shanghai, as well as the first offshore wind farm outside Europe. The project has two-phases of construction, located on each side of the Donghai bridge (Fig. 1). </descriptionOfRestrictions>
				<descriptionOfRestrictions xml:lang="zh">所研究的风电场- -东海大桥海上风电场( DBOWF )是中国在上海管辖范围内的第一个海上风电场，也是欧洲以外的第一个海上风电场。工程分两期施工，分别位于东海大桥两侧(图1 )。</descriptionOfRestrictions>
			</locationOfOperationSupplyOrProduction>
		</geography>
		<technology>
			<technologicalApplicability xml:lang="en">This dataset describes the industrial process of steel production specifically for the construction and operation of the Donghai Bridge Offshore Wind Farm (DBOWF). It is utilized for providing data for Life Cycle Assessment studies aimed to evaluate the environmental impact associated with the manufacturing, transportation, installation, operation, and maintenance of offshore wind farms in China.</technologicalApplicability>
			<technologicalApplicability xml:lang="zh">此数据集描述了东海大桥海上风电场（DBOWF）建设和运营所需钢铁生产的工业过程。该数据集用于提供生命周期评估研究的数据，旨在评估与中国海上风电场的制造、运输、安装、运行和维护有关的环境影响。</technologicalApplicability>
		</technology>
	</processInformation>
	<modellingAndValidation>
		<LCIMethodAndAllocation>
			<typeOfDataSet>Unit process, single operation</typeOfDataSet>
			<LCIMethodPrinciple>Attributional</LCIMethodPrinciple>
			<deviationsFromLCIMethodPrinciple xml:lang="en">None</deviationsFromLCIMethodPrinciple>
			<deviationsFromLCIMethodPrinciple xml:lang="zh">无</deviationsFromLCIMethodPrinciple>
			<LCIMethodApproach>Allocation</LCIMethodApproach>
			<deviationsFromLCIMethodApproaches xml:lang="en">The present study employed the PLCA modeling approach to calculate the energy and environmental emissions of a typical offshore wind farm in China. The cradle-to-grave process includes four stages, materials and equipment manufacturing, transportation and installation, operation and maintenance, and dismantling and recycling (Fig. 2).</deviationsFromLCIMethodApproaches>
			<deviationsFromLCIMethodApproaches xml:lang="zh">本研究采用PLCA建模方法计算了中国某典型海上风电场的能源和环境排放。从摇篮到坟墓的过程包括材料和设备制造、运输和安装、操作和维护、拆解和回收4个阶段(图2 )。</deviationsFromLCIMethodApproaches>
			<deviationsFromModellingConstants xml:lang="en">None</deviationsFromModellingConstants>
			<deviationsFromModellingConstants xml:lang="zh">无</deviationsFromModellingConstants>
		</LCIMethodAndAllocation>
		<dataSourcesTreatmentAndRepresentativeness>
			<deviationsFromCutOffAndCompletenessPrinciples xml:lang="en">None</deviationsFromCutOffAndCompletenessPrinciples>
			<deviationsFromCutOffAndCompletenessPrinciples xml:lang="zh">无</deviationsFromCutOffAndCompletenessPrinciples>
			<dataSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples xml:lang="en">The technical parameters of wind turbines, foundations and cables are obtained from the design documents of the DBOWF (Table 2).  For key materials and equipment, their sea transportation energy is calculated from the transportation load and shipping energy intensity. The facility installation energy and emissions were estimated based on the construction plan. The wind farm's operation and maintenance data, such as the frequency and working time of maintenance, were obtained from site investigations with engineers and technicians. The uncertainties associated with model parameters and input data are illustrated in the sensitivity analysis section of this paper.</dataSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples>
			<dataSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples xml:lang="zh">风机、基础和电缆的技术参数从DBOWF的设计文件中获得(表2)。对于关键材料和设备，其海上运输能量由运输负荷和海运能量强度计算得到。根据施工方案，对设施安装能耗和排放进行了估算。风电场的运行和维护数据，如维护的频率和工作时间，是通过与工程技术人员的现场调查获得的。与模型参数和输入数据相关的不确定性在本文的敏感性分析部分进行了说明。</dataSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples>
			<deviationsFromSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples xml:lang="en">None</deviationsFromSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples>
			<deviationsFromSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples xml:lang="zh">无</deviationsFromSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples>
			<deviationsFromTreatmentAndExtrapolationPrinciples xml:lang="en">None</deviationsFromTreatmentAndExtrapolationPrinciples>
			<deviationsFromTreatmentAndExtrapolationPrinciples xml:lang="zh">无</deviationsFromTreatmentAndExtrapolationPrinciples>
			<referenceToDataSource type="source data set" refObjectId="13bb5be6-02f8-4590-a8e6-f9fff2051b9a" uri="../sources/13bb5be6-02f8-4590-a8e6-f9fff2051b9a.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">Yang, J. et al. The life-cycle energy and environmental emissions of a typical offshore wind farm in China. Journal of Cleaner Production 180, 316–324 (2018).</common:shortDescription>
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="zh">Yang, J. et al. The life-cycle energy and environmental emissions of a typical offshore wind farm in China. Journal of Cleaner Production 180, 316–324 (2018).</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToDataSource>
			<useAdviceForDataSet xml:lang="en">Users of this dataset should include all life cycle stages of the offshore wind farm as highlighted in the process description: materials and equipment manufacturing, transportation and installation, operation and maintenance, and dismantling and recycling. During modeling and analysis, it is important to refer to the sensitivity analysis section to address uncertainties related to model parameters and input data. The functional unit for assessment is defined as 1 kWh of on-grid electricity provision, and this must be consistently applied across the LCA study.</useAdviceForDataSet>
			<useAdviceForDataSet xml:lang="zh">使用此数据集的用户应包括过程描述中强调的海上风电场的所有生命周期阶段：材料和设备制造、运输和安装、运行和维护以及拆除和回收。在建模和分析期间，重要的是参考敏感性分析部分来解决模型参数和输入数据的不确定性。评估的功能单元被定义为1 kWh的电网供电，且在整个生命周期评估研究中必须始终如一地应用。</useAdviceForDataSet>
		</dataSourcesTreatmentAndRepresentativeness>
		<completeness/>
		<validation>
			<review type="Dependent internal review">
				<common:reviewDetails xml:lang="en">Inventory: The internal review was done by several iteration steps concerning raw data validation, raw data documentation, representativity, completeness and consistency of modelling with regard to ISO 14040 and 14044.</common:reviewDetails>
				<common:reviewDetails xml:lang="zh">清单： 内部审查通过几个迭代步骤完成，涉及原始数据验证、原始数据记录、代表性、完整性、与 ISO 14040 和 14044 有关的建模的一致性。</common:reviewDetails>
				<common:referenceToNameOfReviewerAndInstitution refObjectId="f4b4c314-8c4c-4c83-968f-5b3c7724f6a8" type="contact data set" uri="../contacts/f4b4c314-8c4c-4c83-968f-5b3c7724f6a8.xml">
					<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">Tiangong LCI Data Working Group</common:shortDescription>
					<common:shortDescription xml:lang="zh">天工LCI数据工作小组</common:shortDescription>
				</common:referenceToNameOfReviewerAndInstitution>
			</review>
		</validation>
	</modellingAndValidation>
	<administrativeInformation>
		<dataGenerator>
			<common:referenceToPersonOrEntityGeneratingTheDataSet type="contact data set" refObjectId="28a90e5b-08fc-4410-825f-ef59216e2af1" uri="../contacts/28a90e5b-08fc-4410-825f-ef59216e2af1.xml" version="01.00.000">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">Yunzhi Zhao, ll10088@163.com</common:shortDescription>
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="zh">赵云志, ll10088@163.com</common:shortDescription>
			</common:referenceToPersonOrEntityGeneratingTheDataSet>
			<common:other xml:lang="en">ll10088@163.com</common:other>
			<common:other xml:lang="zh">ll10088@163.com</common:other>
		</dataGenerator>
		<dataEntryBy>
			<common:timeStamp>2024-04-19T20:08:03+08:00</common:timeStamp>
		</dataEntryBy>
		<publicationAndOwnership>
			<common:dateOfLastRevision>2024-04-20T14:59:50.674241+08:00</common:dateOfLastRevision>
			<common:dataSetVersion>00.01.005</common:dataSetVersion>
			<common:permanentDataSetURI>https://lcadata.tiangong.world/showProcess.xhtml?uuid=35a9a83f-dbca-4bac-86bb-6058272f12d3&amp;amp;version=01.00.000&amp;amp;stock=TianGong</common:permanentDataSetURI>
			<common:referenceToOwnershipOfDataSet refObjectId="f4b4c314-8c4c-4c83-968f-5b3c7724f6a8" type="contact data set" uri="../contacts/f4b4c314-8c4c-4c83-968f-5b3c7724f6a8.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">Tiangong LCI Data Working Group</common:shortDescription>
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="zh">天工LCI数据工作小组</common:shortDescription>
			</common:referenceToOwnershipOfDataSet>
			<common:copyright>false</common:copyright>
			<common:licenseType>Free of charge for all users and uses</common:licenseType>
		</publicationAndOwnership>
	</administrativeInformation>
	<exchanges>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="0">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="c0060563-96ea-4322-8305-61c39f2ad3cd" uri="../flows/c0060563-96ea-4322-8305-61c39f2ad3cd.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">Energy, geothermal, converted</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Input</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>1130000000.0</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>1130000000.0</resultingAmount>
			<dataDerivationTypeStatus>Calculated</dataDerivationTypeStatus>
		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="1">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048" uri="../flows/08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">carbon dioxide (fossil)</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Output</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>72900000.0</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>72900000.0</resultingAmount>
			<dataDerivationTypeStatus>Calculated</dataDerivationTypeStatus>
			<generalComment xml:lang="en">GHG</generalComment>
			<generalComment xml:lang="zh">GHG</generalComment>
		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="2">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="4d9a8790-3ddd-11dd-9368-0050c2490048" uri="../flows/4d9a8790-3ddd-11dd-9368-0050c2490048.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">particles (PM2.5)</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Output</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>68760.0</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>68760.0</resultingAmount>
			<dataDerivationTypeStatus>Calculated</dataDerivationTypeStatus>
		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="3">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-ac48-0050c2490048" uri="../flows/fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-ac48-0050c2490048.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">sulfur dioxide</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Output</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>168090.0</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>168090.0</resultingAmount>
			<dataDerivationTypeStatus>Calculated</dataDerivationTypeStatus>
		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="4">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="29061478-6556-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66" uri="../flows/29061478-6556-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">nitrous oxide</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Output</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>157050.0</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>157050.0</resultingAmount>
			<dataDerivationTypeStatus>Calculated</dataDerivationTypeStatus>
		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="5">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="3bd51612-2a98-461f-8cf1-25098dd17835" uri="../flows/3bd51612-2a98-461f-8cf1-25098dd17835.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">Steel,Steel</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Output</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>42400000.0</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>42400000.0</resultingAmount>
			<dataDerivationTypeStatus>Calculated</dataDerivationTypeStatus>
		</exchange>
	</exchanges>
</processDataSet>
