Close Go back Collapse all sections
Process Data set: recycling lithium battery by hydrometallurgy (en) en zh

Key Data Set Information
Location AH-CN
Reference year 2021
Name
recycling lithium battery by hydrometallurgy
Use advice for data set When utilizing this dataset for Life Cycle Assessment, users should ensure that the scope of their assessment includes the full recycling process outlined: hydrochloric acid leaching, hydrogen peroxide oxidation, and soda ash pH adjustment. It is recommended to account for the environmental impacts of reagents and energy used in these processing steps. Inclusion of the recovery rates of materials and potential environmental releases during the process should also be considered. The functional unit is '1 tonne of retired lithium iron phosphate batteries and similar waste,' and any comparisons or extrapolations should adhere to this baseline.
Technical purpose of product or process The described industrial process is used for the recovery of valuable materials from retired lithium-ion batteries, such as lithium carbonate, iron phosphate, and ternary precursor cathode materials. The hydrometallurgical recycling process includes operations such as coarse extraction of battery powder, wet precipitation of salts, and synthesis of battery materials. This process is integral for the sustainable management of battery waste and supports the circular economy by providing inputs for new battery production.
Classification
Class name : Hierarchy level
  • ILCD: Unit processes / End-of-life treatment / Material recycling
General comment on data set The mainstream recovery process of litium batteries is to recover lithium carbonate 、iron phosphate and the ternary precursor cathode material through a hydrometallurgical process (hydrochloric acid leaching-hydrogen peroxide oxidation-soda ash adjustment of pH)
Copyright No
Owner of data set
Quantitative reference
Reference flow(s)
Functional Unit 1t retired lithium iron phosphate battery and similar waste
Technological representativeness
Flow diagram(s) or picture(s)
  • NtKDbHiigoG8OAx3tnwcF9ganGf.png Image
LCI method and allocation
Type of data set Unit process, single operation
Deviation from LCI method principle / explanations None
Deviation from modelling constants / explanations None
Data sources, treatment and representativeness
Deviation from data cut-off and completeness principles / explanations None
Deviation from data selection and combination principles / explanations None
Deviation from data treatment and extrapolations principles / explanations None
Data source(s) used for this data set
Completeness
Completeness of product model No statement
Validation
Type of review
Dependent internal review
Reviewer name and institution
Data generator
Data set generator / modeller
Data entry by
Time stamp (last saved) 2023-12-18T18:10:36+08:00
Publication and ownership
UUID 48fadd65-e6a6-4ecd-9342-770bc5d0c46b
Date of last revision 2024-04-20T14:29:03.341852+08:00
Data set version 00.01.005
Permanent data set URI https://lcadata.tiangong.world/showProcess.xhtml?uuid=48fadd65-e6a6-4ecd-9342-770bc5d0c46b&version=01.00.000&stock=TianGong
Owner of data set
Copyright No
License type Free of charge for all users and uses

Inputs

Type of flow Classification Flow Location Mean amount Resulting amount Minimum amount Maximum amount
Product flow
End-of-life treatment / Material recycling 1.0E7 kg1.0E7 kg
General comment Lithium iron phosphate waste battery
Product flow
End-of-life treatment / Material recycling 1.0E7 kg1.0E7 kg
General comment Ternary waste battery
Product flow
End-of-life treatment / Material recycling 1000000.0 kg1000000.0 kg
General comment 3C Lithium Battery
Product flow
End-of-life treatment / Material recycling 1500000.0 kg1500000.0 kg
General comment Ternary pole piece
Product flow
End-of-life treatment / Material recycling 1000000.0 kg1000000.0 kg
General comment Nickel-containing waste
Product flow
Materials production / Food and renewable raw materials 512000.0 kg512000.0 kg
General comment Calcium oxide
Elementary flow
Resources / Resources from water / Renewable material resources from water 9.323392E7 m39.323392E7 m3
General comment Tap water for cleaning
Product flow
End-of-life treatment / Material recycling 1500000.0 kg1500000.0 kg
General comment Lithium Iron Poles
Product flow Materials production / Inorganic chemicals 1.4350466E7 kg1.4350466E7 kg
Product flow Materials production / Inorganic chemicals 1.052791E7 kg1.052791E7 kg
Product flow Materials production / Inorganic chemicals 1832490.0 kg1832490.0 kg
Product flow Materials production / Inorganic chemicals 5151530.0 kg5151530.0 kg
Product flow Materials production / Inorganic chemicals 4679190.0 kg4679190.0 kg
Elementary flow Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable element resources from ground 69700.0 kg69700.0 kg
Product flow Materials production / Inorganic chemicals 2782280.0 kg2782280.0 kg
Product flow Materials production / Inorganic chemicals 220790.0 kg220790.0 kg
Product flow Materials production / Inorganic chemicals 191290.0 kg191290.0 kg
Product flow
Materials production / Inorganic chemicals 52030.0 kg52030.0 kg
General comment Cobalt sulfate heptahydrate
Product flow Materials production / Inorganic chemicals 31130.0 kg31130.0 kg
Product flow Materials production / Inorganic chemicals 301400.0 kg301400.0 kg
Product flow Materials production / Organic chemicals 15000.0 kg15000.0 kg
Product flow Materials production / Organic chemicals 15000.0 kg15000.0 kg
Elementary flow Resources / Resources from air / Renewable element resources from air 8240.0 kg8240.0 kg
Product flow Materials production / Raw materials 68260.0 kg68260.0 kg
Product flow Materials production / Inorganic chemicals 26410.0 kg26410.0 kg
Product flow
Materials production / Inorganic chemicals 10240.0 kg10240.0 kg
General comment Lithium hydroxide
Product flow
Materials production / Other materials 94660.0 kg94660.0 kg
General comment Precursor material

Outputs

Type of flow Classification Flow Location Mean amount Resulting amount Minimum amount Maximum amount
Product flow
Materials production / Other materials 362220.0 kg362220.0 kg
General comment Diaphragm
Product flow
Materials production / Metals and semimetals 3788890.0 Item(s)3788890.0 Item(s)
General comment Casing
Elementary flow
Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable element resources from ground 1972520.0 kg1972520.0 kg
General comment Copper pellets
Elementary flow
Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable element resources from ground 1293010.0 kg1293010.0 kg
General comment Aluminum pellet
Product flow
Wastes / Radioactive waste 1620530.0 kg1620530.0 kg
General comment Calcium fluoride
Product flow Emissions / Inorganic covalent compounds 1150.0 kg1150.0 kg
Product flow
Materials production / Inorganic chemicals 7486920.0 kg7486920.0 kg
General comment Iron phosphate graphite slag
Product flow Materials production / Inorganic chemicals 2576400.0 kg2576400.0 kg
Elementary flow Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified 352080.0 kg352080.0 kg
Elementary flow
Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable material resources from ground 3206310.0 kg3206310.0 kg
General comment Carbon black slag
Elementary flow Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable element resources from ground 79320.0 kg79320.0 kg
Product flow
Materials production / Inorganic chemicals 2670340.0 kg2670340.0 kg
General comment Manganese carbonate
Elementary flow Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable material resources from ground 5924830.0 kg5924830.0 kg
Elementary flow Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable element resources from ground 1526700.0 kg1526700.0 kg
Elementary flow Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable material resources from ground 1608660.0 kg1608660.0 kg
Product flow Materials production / Inorganic chemicals 3881310.0 kg3881310.0 kg
Product flow Materials production / Metals and semimetals 7501390.0 m37501390.0 m3
Product flow
Wastes / Production residues 1.087202E7 kg1.087202E7 kg
General comment Calcium sulfate
Product flow Materials production / Raw materials 278280.0 kg278280.0 kg
Elementary flow Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified 5879.0 kg5879.0 kg
Product flow
Materials production / Other materials 66630.0 kg66630.0 kg
General comment 622 precursor
Product flow
Materials production / Other materials 33320.0 kg33320.0 kg
General comment 811 precursor
Elementary flow Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable material resources from ground 2568548.0 kg2568548.0 kg
Product flow End-of-life treatment / Waste water treatment 2.7227568E7 kg2.7227568E7 kg
Elementary flow Emissions / Emissions to water / Emissions to water, unspecified 7.349183E7 kg7.349183E7 kg
Elementary flow Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified 27410.0 kg27410.0 kg
Elementary flow Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified 1728.0 kg1728.0 kg