6a741e6b-7450-4478-b3af-52db21a129a0 NCM hydrometallurgical recycling NCM湿法回收 Unit processes End-of-life treatment Material recycling Recycle the precursor material (lithium nickel cobalt manganate oxide) from NCM batteries. 回收NCM电池的前体材料（锂镍钴锰酸盐氧化物）。 The product systems evaluated in this study are EB batteries. The service provided by these batteries is the distance driven; thus, the functional unit in this study is defined as an overall 100-km driving distance of a typical EB driven by a group of batteries (4 × 12 V, 20 Ah). According to the data of EB manufacturers, LFP, and NCM batteries can support a typical EB to travel for approximately 45 km and 50 km with one charge, the calculated lifetime distance is of 36, 000 km, and 30,000 km, respectively. 17 2020 The NCM hydrometallurgical recycling process is utilized for the recovery of precursor materials, specifically lithium nickel cobalt manganate oxide (NCM), from spent NCM batteries. This enables the reclamation of valuable metals for use in new battery production. This process is relevant to industries involved in battery production, recycling, and material recovery, particularly for the restoration of raw materials for lithium-ion batteries. NCM湿法回收工艺用于从废弃的NCM电池中回收前体材料，特别是锂镍钴锰酸盐氧化物（NCM）。这使得可以重新提取有价值的金属用于新电池的生产。此过程与电池生产、回收和材料回收相关的行业尤其相关，特别是对于锂离子电池原料的恢复。 Q2dCb5yrdo2uQxxhj2ycEoYxn4k.png Unit process, single operation None 无 None 无 None 无 The life cycle inventories of NCM and LFP batteries were established based on the survey data from 2018 to 2019, representing the current status of the lithium-ion battery technology. NCM和LFP电池的生命周期清单是根据2018年至2019年的调查数据建立的，代表了锂离子电池技术的现状。 None 无 None 无 Liu, W., Liu, H., Liu, W. & Cui, Z. Life cycle assessment of power batteries used in electric bicycles in China. RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS 139, (2021). Liu, W., Liu, H., Liu, W. & Cui, Z. Life cycle assessment of power batteries used in electric bicycles in China. RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS 139, (2021). The LCI of battery recycling is established based on the survey data of several battery recyclers in China, including Chunxing, Yuguang Gold Lead (for LABs), GEM, and Brunp (for LIBs). The distance from the waste battery collection site to the battery recycling plant is assumed to be 100 km. 电池回收的LCI是根据中国几家电池回收商的调查数据建立的，包括春星、宇光金铅（用于LAB）、GEM和Brump（用于LIB）。假设从废电池收集点到电池回收厂的距离为100公里。 When using the Life Cycle Inventory (LCI) data for NCM and LFP batteries, users should take into account that the data represents the technological landscape of lithium-ion battery technology as of 2018 to 2019. Additionally, the LCI for battery recycling is based on survey data from specific Chinese battery recyclers and assumes a transport distance of 100 km from collection point to the recycling plant. Utilization of this data should consider updates in technology and regional practices that may have occurred since the data collection period. Users must also acknowledge the functional unit of the product systems evaluated—distance traveled by electric bicycles (EBs)—when applying the data to other contexts or comparative studies. 使用NCM和LFP电池的生命周期清单（LCI）数据时，用户应考虑到数据代表了截至2018年至2019年的锂离子电池技术状况。此外，电池回收的LCI基于特定中国电池回收商的调查数据，并假设从收集点到回收厂的运输距离为100公里。使用这些数据时应考虑自数据收集期以来可能发生的技术更新和地区实践变化。用户在将数据应用于其他背景或比较研究时，还必须承认评估产品系统的功能单元——电动自行车（EB）行驶的距离。 Inventory: The internal review was done by several iteration steps concerning raw data validation, raw data documentation, representativity, completeness and consistency of modelling with regard to ISO 14040 and 14044. 清单： 内部审查通过几个迭代步骤完成，涉及原始数据验证、原始数据记录、代表性、完整性、与 ISO 14040 和 14044 有关的建模的一致性。 Tiangong LCI Data Working Group 天工LCI数据工作小组 maqingyuan, m1120498928@163.com 马清源, m1120498928@163.com m1120498928@163.com m1120498928@163.com 2023-12-18T17:49:16+08:00 2024-04-20T14:28:40.652335+08:00 00.01.005 https://lcadata.tiangong.world/showProcess.xhtml?uuid=6a741e6b-7450-4478-b3af-52db21a129a0&version=01.00.000&stock=TianGong Tiangong LCI Data Working Group 天工LCI数据工作小组 false Free of charge for all users and uses sulfate Input 7.69 7.69 Measured Sulfate (98%) 硫酸盐 (98%) magnesium chloride Input 0.0009 0.0009 Measured potassium chloride Input 0.0004 0.0004 Measured sodium chloride Input 0.0005 0.0005 Measured Lithium carbonate Input 0.846 0.846 Measured Heavy oil Input 0.016 0.016 Measured silicon Input 0.021 0.021 Measured Light gas oil Input 0.013 0.013 Measured natural gas,natural gas Input 0.979 0.979 Measured Water for industrial use Input 98.0 98.0 Measured Electricity Input 48.6 48.6 Measured carbon Input 0.002 0.002 Measured Sodium carbonate Input 0.147 0.147 Measured Ammonia (28%) Input 0.785 0.785 Measured Hydrochloric acid (30%) Input 0.28 0.28 Measured 2-ethylhexyl hydrogen -2-ethylhexylphosphonate Input 7.69 7.69 Measured Hydrogen peroxide (27.5%) Input 9.31 9.31 Measured Ni-Co-Mn precursor Output 0.604 0.604 Measured Lithium nickel cobalt manganese 锂镍钴锰 Secondary Synthetic Graphite Output 1.21 1.21 Measured Secondary Aluminum Output 0.35 0.35 Measured Secondary copper Output 0.324 0.324 Measured Recycled Polypropylene Output 0.198 0.198 Measured carbon dioxide (fossil) Output 0.471 0.471 Measured The original text does not distinguish between bio and fossil, and according to experts, it is fossil here 原文未区分bio和fossil，根据专家判断此处为fossil nickel Output 2.8e-05 2.8e-05 Measured Total particulate matter Output 1e-05 1e-05 Measured sulfur dioxide Output 4.16e-06 4.16e-06 Measured nitrogen monoxide Output 1.5e-05 1.5e-05 Measured aluminium Output 0.005 0.005 Measured Waste Graphite Output 5.1e-05 5.1e-05 Measured chemical oxygen demand Output 9.4e-08 9.4e-08 Measured hazardous waste (unspecified) Output 0.0523 0.0523 Measured waste incineration of plastics (PE, PP, PS, PB) Output 0.005 0.005 Measured Ammonia Nitrogen Output 0.00042 0.00042 Measured