Process information
| Key Data Set Information | |
| Location | CN |
| Geographical representativeness description | Laboratory process |
| Reference year | 2021 |
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| Use advice for data set | The data presented must be normalized to the functional unit of 1 kWh LIBs nominal capacity to ensure comparability across different batteries. Users should carefully consider the methodologies involved in the recycling process, especially the chemical delithiation using potassium persulfate and the subsequent treatments with DMC, NMP, and LiOH, which could have significant methodological implications. Appropriate safety and handling procedures for the chemicals used must be followed, and the operational parameters of the recycling process (such as temperature, pressure, and treatment duration) meticulously recorded to replicate the results. |
| Technical purpose of product or process | The DR-B process detailed serves for direct recycling of spent Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIBs), specifically for the recovery of battery-grade cathode active materials. It is applicable to laboratory-scale research aiming to optimize recovery methods for valuable materials from used LIBs. This process helps in reducing waste and recovering critical materials like Nickel, Cobalt, and Manganese (NCM) while conserving the functional integrity of cathode materials. |
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| General comment on data set | The battery is discharged before disassembly, and the electrolyte volatilized in the comminution process is centrally treated. Then, small particle-size mixtures such as electrode pieces are washed with DMC to remove residual electrolytes.After drying, the active material is separated from the current collector by immersion in n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) with ultrasonic-assisted treatment. The obtained mixed suspension is precipitated and dried after centrifugation. According to the particle size difference, the electrode materials are separated from the current collector and diaphragm. The cathode and anode materials are further divided by foam flotation. The filtered cathode material is mixed with LiOH solution and subjected to relithiation at low temperature and low pressure. Afterward, the relithiated cathode material powder was mixed with excess Li2CO3 and thermally annealed in a nitrogen atmosphere to obtain a repaired battery level cathode active material. |
| Copyright | No |
| Owner of data set | |
| Quantitative reference | |
| Reference flow(s) | |
| Functional Unit | In this paper, the functional unit is defined as the nominal capacity of 1 kWh LIBs, which converts all the data collected into functional units for the calculation to ensure the quantitative evaluation and cross comparability of energy consumption and environmental impact of different batteries in various stages. |
| Technological representativeness | |
| Technology description including background system | Here we chose chemically delithiated NCM111 as a model material for our study. To obtain D-NCM111, pristine NCM111 purchased from Toda America Inc. T-NCM111 was reacted with an aqueous solution of potassium persulfate. The material was then washed with water followed by acetonitrile before drying under vacuum at ambient temperature. |
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Modelling and validation
Administrative information
Inputs and Outputs