Process information
| Key Data Set Information | |
| Location | CN |
| Reference year | 2020 |
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| Use advice for data set | When using the lifecycle inventory (LCI) data for NCM and LFP batteries, it is essential to consider the technological scope and time frame of the data collected between 2018 and 2019 which may not reflect future advancements. The assumption of a 100 km transport distance from collection site to recycling plant must be adapted to match specific geographical and logistic conditions. For LCA purposes, the functional unit's defined lifetime distance of 36,000 km for LFP batteries and 30,000 km for NCM batteries should be used to model the use phase behavior accurately. Furthermore, methodological advice includes considering potential technological changes in recycling processes and updating data for more accurate future assessments. |
| Technical purpose of product or process | The NCM pyrometallurgical recycling process is utilized for recovering the precursor materials, specifically lithium nickel cobalt manganate oxide, from spent NCM batteries. It supports the sustainability of lithium-ion battery technology by enabling the circular economy of these materials. This process is applicable to battery recycling plants that manage end-of-life batteries, turning them into valuable raw materials for new battery production. |
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| General comment on data set | Recycle the precursor material (lithium nickel cobalt manganate oxide) from NCM batteries. |
| Copyright | No |
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| Reference flow(s) | |
| Functional Unit | The product systems evaluated in this study are EB batteries. The service provided by these batteries is the distance driven; thus, the functional unit in this study is defined as an overall 100-km driving distance of a typical EB driven by a group of batteries (4 × 12 V, 20 Ah). According to the data of EB manufacturers, LFP, and NCM batteries can support a typical EB to travel for approximately 45 km and 50 km with one charge, the calculated lifetime distance is of 36, 000 km, and 30,000 km, respectively. |
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Modelling and validation
Administrative information
Inputs and Outputs