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<processDataSet xmlns:common="http://lca.jrc.it/ILCD/Common" xmlns="http://lca.jrc.it/ILCD/Process" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="1.1" locations="../ILCDLocations.xml" xsi:schemaLocation="http://lca.jrc.it/ILCD/Process ../../schemas/ILCD_ProcessDataSet.xsd">
	<processInformation>
		<dataSetInformation>
			<common:UUID>adc41da2-2bf5-4f8a-8fc8-37c68da662e6</common:UUID>
			<name>
				<baseName xml:lang="en">cement production;cement, ordinary portland cement, 42.5MPa;mechanical shaft kiln</baseName>
				<baseName xml:lang="zh">水泥生产;水泥, 普通硅酸盐水泥, 42.5MPa;机械立窑</baseName>
			</name>
			<classificationInformation>
				<common:classification>
					<common:class level="0">Unit processes</common:class>
					<common:class level="1">Materials production</common:class>
					<common:class level="2">Other mineralic materials</common:class>
				</common:classification>
			</classificationInformation>
			<common:generalComment xml:lang="en">Typical mechanized vertical kiln cement plant.The production process of the vertical kiln is relatively simple. One of the raw materials, limestone, enters the crushed stone storage after crushing. The raw clay and iron powder enter the dry clay storage and iron powder storage respectively after drying. Fuel anthracite is crushed by the coal crusher (sometimes also dried) to enter the raw material storage, at the bottom of the storage by the downstream, metering equipment in proportion to the exact match and sent to the raw material mill grinding. After the qualified grinding, the raw material enters the raw material storage for homogenization and storage. The homogenized raw meal is combined with a suitable amount of water after metering, forming balls in the raw meal ball-making system, and then sent to the upper part of the vertical kiln, sprinkled into the kiln through the material distributor, and clinkered. The clinker from the kiln is stored in the clinic storage; the mixed material is also stored in the storage after baking in the drier; the gypsum is crushed and entered the gypsum storage. After being metered, the clinker, mixed materials, and a suitable amount of gypsum are sent to the cement plant for proportionate grinding. The ground cement is sent to the cement warehouse for inspection and final packaging or bulk delivery.</common:generalComment>
			<common:generalComment xml:lang="zh">典型机械化立窑水泥厂。立窑生产工艺流程相对简单，原料之一的石灰石经破碎机破碎后进入碎石库，原料粘土、铁粉经烘干后分别进入干燥的粘土库、铁粉库。燃料无烟煤经碎煤机破碎后（有时也要烘干）进入原料库，在库底经下料、计量设备按比例准确配合后喂入生料磨粉磨。经粉磨合格后的生料入生料库进行均化、存储。均化后的生料经计量与适量水配合，在生料成球系统中进行成球，然后送入立窑上部经布料器撒入窑内煅烧成熟料。出窑熟料进入熟料库中存储；混合材料经烘干机烘千后也入库存储；石膏经破碎后进入石膏库。熟料、混合材料和适量石膏经计量后按比例配合送入水泥磨中粉磨，粉磨合格后的水泥送入水泥库中，经检验，最后进行包装或散装出厂。</common:generalComment>
		</dataSetInformation>
		<quantitativeReference type="Reference flow(s)">
			<referenceToReferenceFlow>9</referenceToReferenceFlow>
		</quantitativeReference>
		<time>
			<common:referenceYear>2005</common:referenceYear>
		</time>
		<geography>
			<locationOfOperationSupplyOrProduction location="CN"/>
		</geography>
		<technology>
			<technologyDescriptionAndIncludedProcesses xml:lang="en">The vertical kiln production process is relatively simple. Limestone, one of the raw materials, is crushed by the crusher 1 and then enters the gravel storage. The raw materials clay and iron powder are dried and then enter the dry clay storage and iron powder storage respectively. The fuel, anthracite, is crushed by a coal crusher (sometimes also dried) and then enters the raw material warehouse. At the bottom of the warehouse, the raw material is fed into the raw material mill 5 and ground after accurate mixing by the measuring equipment according to the proportion. The raw materials that have been grinded and qualified are put into the raw material warehouse 6 for homogenization and storage. The homogenized raw meal is measured and mixed with an appropriate amount of water, and is pelletized in the raw meal pelletizing system 7, and then sent to the upper part of the vertical kiln, spread into the kiln through a distributor, and forged into clinker. The clinker coming out of the kiln enters the clinker warehouse 10 for storage; the mixed materials are also stored in the warehouse after being dried by the dryer; the gypsum enters the gypsum warehouse after being crushed. The clinker, mixed materials and appropriate amount of gypsum are measured and mixed according to the proportion and sent to the cement mill for grinding. The cement after grinding is sent to the cement warehouse 14, inspected, and finally packaged or shipped in bulk.</technologyDescriptionAndIncludedProcesses>
			<technologyDescriptionAndIncludedProcesses xml:lang="zh">立 窑生 产 工艺 流程 相对 简单  原 料 之一的石 灰 石 经破 碎机 1 破 碎 后 进入 碎 石 库，原 料 粘土 、 铁 粉经 烘 干 后分别进入干 燥 的 粘 土 库 、 铁粉库 。 燃 料 无 烟 煤 经 碎煤机破 碎 后 ( 有 时 也 要烘干 ) 进 入原料 库，在 库 底 经 下 料 、 计 量 设 备按 比 例 准 确 配合后 喂入生 料 磨 5 粉 磨 。 经 粉 磨合 格 后 的生 料入 生 料 库 6 进行 均化 、 存储 。 均 化 后 的 生料经计量与适量水配 合，在 生 料成 球 系 统 7 中进行成球，然后送入立窑 上 部 经 布 料器 撒 入 窑内 锻 烧 成 熟料 。 出 窑 熟料进 入 熟 料 库 10中 存 储 ; 混合 材料 经 烘干 机烘千 后也 入 库 存储 ; 石 膏 经 破 碎 后 进 入 石 膏库 。 熟料 、 混合 材 料 和适 量 石 膏 经计量后 按 比 例 配 合 送 入 水 泥 磨中粉 磨，粉 磨合 格 后 的 水 泥 送 入水 泥 库 14 中，经检验，最 后 进行 包 装 或 散装 出 厂 。</technologyDescriptionAndIncludedProcesses>
			<technologicalApplicability xml:lang="en">This dataset describes the production process of ordinary Portland cement with a compressive strength of 42.5MPa using a mechanical shaft kiln. The cement produced is suitable for general construction purposes such as building infrastructures, residential and commercial buildings, bridges, and roadways where such strength levels are required.</technologicalApplicability>
			<technologicalApplicability xml:lang="zh">此数据集描述了使用机械立窑生产具有42.5MPa抗压强度的普通硅酸盐水泥的工艺流程。所生产的水泥适用于建筑基础设施、住宅和商业建筑、桥梁和道路等需要此类强度级别的普通建筑用途。</technologicalApplicability>
			<referenceToTechnologyFlowDiagrammOrPicture type="source data set" refObjectId="90052edb-0515-27ec-bb95-5f72115442e0" uri="../sources/90052edb-0515-27ec-bb95-5f72115442e0.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">FMVgb4XgxoF43cxr5QncaEGMn2b.png</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToTechnologyFlowDiagrammOrPicture>
		</technology>
		<mathematicalRelations>
			<modelDescription xml:lang="en">The functional unit is the service performance of 1 kilogram of cement with a 28-day compressive strength of 42.5MPa, that is, IFu=42.5kgMPa.The research scope is defined as: raw material pretreatment, raw material grinding, raw material calcination, clinker grinding, cement homogenization, and cement storage.</modelDescription>
			<modelDescription xml:lang="zh">以1千克28天抗压强度为42.5MPa的水泥所具有的使用性能为功能单位，即IFu=42.5kgMPa。研究范围界定为：原料预处理一生料粉磨一生料煅烧一熟料粉磨一水泥均化一水泥储存。</modelDescription>
		</mathematicalRelations>
	</processInformation>
	<modellingAndValidation>
		<LCIMethodAndAllocation>
			<typeOfDataSet>Unit process, black box</typeOfDataSet>
			<deviationsFromLCIMethodPrinciple xml:lang="en">None</deviationsFromLCIMethodPrinciple>
			<deviationsFromLCIMethodPrinciple xml:lang="zh">无</deviationsFromLCIMethodPrinciple>
			<deviationsFromModellingConstants xml:lang="en">None</deviationsFromModellingConstants>
			<deviationsFromModellingConstants xml:lang="zh">无</deviationsFromModellingConstants>
		</LCIMethodAndAllocation>
		<dataSourcesTreatmentAndRepresentativeness>
			<deviationsFromCutOffAndCompletenessPrinciples xml:lang="en">None</deviationsFromCutOffAndCompletenessPrinciples>
			<deviationsFromCutOffAndCompletenessPrinciples xml:lang="zh">无</deviationsFromCutOffAndCompletenessPrinciples>
			<deviationsFromSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples xml:lang="en">None</deviationsFromSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples>
			<deviationsFromSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples xml:lang="zh">无</deviationsFromSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples>
			<deviationsFromTreatmentAndExtrapolationPrinciples xml:lang="en">None</deviationsFromTreatmentAndExtrapolationPrinciples>
			<deviationsFromTreatmentAndExtrapolationPrinciples xml:lang="zh">无</deviationsFromTreatmentAndExtrapolationPrinciples>
			<referenceToDataSource type="source data set" refObjectId="0835e8c8-ee9f-4d76-a513-9d8a610aeca1" uri="../sources/0835e8c8-ee9f-4d76-a513-9d8a610aeca1.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">曹晓润. (2005). 低环境负荷型水泥的生态环境评价 [硕士, 武汉理工大学]. </common:shortDescription>
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="zh">曹晓润. (2005). 低环境负荷型水泥的生态环境评价 [硕士, 武汉理工大学]. </common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToDataSource>
			<useAdviceForDataSet xml:lang="en">When utilizing this dataset for Life Cycle Assessment, attention should be paid to the system boundary which includes raw material pretreatment, raw material grinding, raw meal calcination, clinker grinding, cement homogenization, and cement storage. Ensure that the assumptions and data used for comparisons or further assessment are consistent with this production process. Specific attention should be paid to the use phase modeling and end-of-life scenarios, including recycling and disposal implications for the cement produced. The functional unit is based on the performance characteristics of 1 kilogram of cement with a 28-day compressive strength of 42.5MPa.</useAdviceForDataSet>
			<useAdviceForDataSet xml:lang="zh">在使用此数据集进行生命周期评估时，应注意系统边界包括原料预处理、生料粉磨、生料煅烧、熟料粉磨、水泥均化和水泥储存。确保用于比较或进一步评估的假设和数据与此生产过程一致。在使用阶段模型和生命周期末端场景（包括水泥的回收和处置影响）中应该给予特别关注。功能单位是基于1千克28天抗压强度为42.5MPa的水泥所具有的使用性能。</useAdviceForDataSet>
		</dataSourcesTreatmentAndRepresentativeness>
		<completeness/>
		<validation>
			<review type="Dependent internal review">
				<common:reviewDetails xml:lang="en">Inventory: The internal review was done by several iteration steps concerning raw data validation, raw data documentation, representativity, completeness and consistency of modelling with regard to ISO 14040 and 14044.</common:reviewDetails>
				<common:reviewDetails xml:lang="zh">清单： 内部审查通过几个迭代步骤完成，涉及原始数据验证、原始数据记录、代表性、完整性、与 ISO 14040 和 14044 有关的建模的一致性。</common:reviewDetails>
				<common:referenceToNameOfReviewerAndInstitution refObjectId="f4b4c314-8c4c-4c83-968f-5b3c7724f6a8" type="contact data set" uri="../contacts/f4b4c314-8c4c-4c83-968f-5b3c7724f6a8.xml">
					<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">Tiangong LCI Data Working Group</common:shortDescription>
					<common:shortDescription xml:lang="zh">天工LCI数据工作小组</common:shortDescription>
				</common:referenceToNameOfReviewerAndInstitution>
			</review>
		</validation>
	</modellingAndValidation>
	<administrativeInformation>
		<dataGenerator>
			<common:referenceToPersonOrEntityGeneratingTheDataSet type="contact data set" refObjectId="8ef5498f-0005-47f9-91da-1ded9b451ba1" uri="../contacts/8ef5498f-0005-47f9-91da-1ded9b451ba1.xml" version="01.00.000">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">#REF!, ysqsophia@gmail.com</common:shortDescription>
			</common:referenceToPersonOrEntityGeneratingTheDataSet>
			<common:other xml:lang="en">ysqsophia@gmail.com</common:other>
			<common:other xml:lang="zh">ysqsophia@gmail.com</common:other>
		</dataGenerator>
		<dataEntryBy>
			<common:timeStamp>2024-03-19T21:18:09+08:00</common:timeStamp>
		</dataEntryBy>
		<publicationAndOwnership>
			<common:dateOfLastRevision>2024-04-20T14:40:28.035024+08:00</common:dateOfLastRevision>
			<common:dataSetVersion>00.01.005</common:dataSetVersion>
			<common:permanentDataSetURI>https://lcadata.tiangong.world/showProcess.xhtml?uuid=adc41da2-2bf5-4f8a-8fc8-37c68da662e6&amp;amp;version=01.00.000&amp;amp;stock=TianGong</common:permanentDataSetURI>
			<common:referenceToOwnershipOfDataSet refObjectId="f4b4c314-8c4c-4c83-968f-5b3c7724f6a8" type="contact data set" uri="../contacts/f4b4c314-8c4c-4c83-968f-5b3c7724f6a8.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">Tiangong LCI Data Working Group</common:shortDescription>
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="zh">天工LCI数据工作小组</common:shortDescription>
			</common:referenceToOwnershipOfDataSet>
			<common:copyright>false</common:copyright>
			<common:licenseType>Free of charge for all users and uses</common:licenseType>
		</publicationAndOwnership>
	</administrativeInformation>
	<exchanges>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="0">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="c431c0c3-3f5e-4b7b-af99-2ebbdcaf5f98" uri="../flows/c431c0c3-3f5e-4b7b-af99-2ebbdcaf5f98.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">limestone, crushed, for mill</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Input</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>1093.8</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>1093.8</resultingAmount>
			<dataDerivationTypeStatus></dataDerivationTypeStatus>
			<generalComment xml:lang="en">Limestone</generalComment>
			<generalComment xml:lang="zh">石灰石</generalComment>
		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="1">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9276-0050c2490048" uri="../flows/08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-9276-0050c2490048.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">clay</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Input</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>159.6</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>159.6</resultingAmount>
			<dataDerivationTypeStatus></dataDerivationTypeStatus>
			<generalComment xml:lang="en">Clay</generalComment>
			<generalComment xml:lang="zh">粘土</generalComment>
		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="2">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="4f19a2fe-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66" uri="../flows/4f19a2fe-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">gypsum stone (CaSO4-dihydrate)</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Input</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>51.9</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>51.9</resultingAmount>
			<dataDerivationTypeStatus></dataDerivationTypeStatus>
			<generalComment xml:lang="en">Gupsum</generalComment>
			<generalComment xml:lang="zh">石膏</generalComment>
		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="3">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="4f19a2ff-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66" uri="../flows/4f19a2ff-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">hard coal</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Input</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>210.201</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>210.201</resultingAmount>
			<dataDerivationTypeStatus></dataDerivationTypeStatus>
			<generalComment xml:lang="en">The original data is 0.1953kg standard coal, here converted to hard coal, the conversion formula is 1kg hard coal = 0.929kg standard coal.</generalComment>
			<generalComment xml:lang="zh">原始数据为0.1953kg标准煤，这里换算为硬煤，换算公式为1kg硬煤=0.929kg标准煤。</generalComment>
		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="4">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="890a70b7-b677-4e2a-8a1b-7d017e0a10ae" uri="../flows/890a70b7-b677-4e2a-8a1b-7d017e0a10ae.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">Electricity</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Input</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>298.8</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>298.8</resultingAmount>
			<dataDerivationTypeStatus></dataDerivationTypeStatus>
			<generalComment xml:lang="en">Electricity</generalComment>
			<generalComment xml:lang="zh">电力</generalComment>
		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="5">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-a70a-0050c2490048" uri="../flows/fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-a70a-0050c2490048.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">particles (&gt; PM10)</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Output</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>0.6</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>0.6</resultingAmount>
			<dataDerivationTypeStatus></dataDerivationTypeStatus>
			<generalComment xml:lang="en">Dust, with an unspecified particle size, is treated as PM &gt; 10 micrometers in diameter.</generalComment>
			<generalComment xml:lang="zh">粉尘，未标明粒径，按PM&gt;10处理。</generalComment>
		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="6">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-ac48-0050c2490048" uri="../flows/fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-ac48-0050c2490048.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">sulfur dioxide</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Output</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>0.3993</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>0.3993</resultingAmount>
			<dataDerivationTypeStatus></dataDerivationTypeStatus>
			<generalComment xml:lang="en">Sulfur dioxide. Considering the actual operating conditions of domestic cement plants and the development trend for the foreseeable future, the statistical average of measured data is adopted for this evaluation.</generalComment>
			<generalComment xml:lang="zh">二氧化硫。考虑到国内水泥厂运行的实际情况和未来很长时间的发展趋势，本次评价采用实测数据的统计平均值。</generalComment>
		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="7">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="f79d0f8f-2b0e-49cb-bed0-b1ea0fbd8625" uri="../flows/f79d0f8f-2b0e-49cb-bed0-b1ea0fbd8625.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">Nitrogen oxides</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Output</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>0.8225</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>0.8225</resultingAmount>
			<dataDerivationTypeStatus></dataDerivationTypeStatus>
			<generalComment xml:lang="en">Nitrogen oxides. Considering the actual operating conditions of domestic cement plants and the development trend for the foreseeable future, the statistical average of measured data is adopted for this evaluation.</generalComment>
			<generalComment xml:lang="zh">氮氧化物。考虑到国内水泥厂运行的实际情况和未来很长时间的发展趋势，本次评价采用实测数据的统计平均值。</generalComment>
		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="8">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048" uri="../flows/08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-923d-0050c2490048.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">carbon dioxide (fossil)</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Output</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>1070.3</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>1070.3</resultingAmount>
			<dataDerivationTypeStatus></dataDerivationTypeStatus>
			<generalComment xml:lang="en">Carbon dioxide. Considering the actual operating conditions of domestic cement plants and the development trend for the foreseeable future, the statistical average of measured data is adopted for this evaluation.</generalComment>
			<generalComment xml:lang="zh">二氧化碳。考虑到国内水泥厂运行的实际情况和未来很长时间的发展趋势，本次评价采用实测数据的统计平均值。</generalComment>
		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="9">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="89fb85db-c8dc-426c-a4cd-52de2184a31b" uri="../flows/89fb85db-c8dc-426c-a4cd-52de2184a31b.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">cement, ordinary portland cement, 42.5MPa</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Output</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>1000.0</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>1000.0</resultingAmount>
			<dataDerivationTypeStatus></dataDerivationTypeStatus>
			<generalComment xml:lang="en">P.O. IFu=42.5kg MPa。</generalComment>
			<generalComment xml:lang="zh">P.O.IFu=42.5kgMPa。</generalComment>
		</exchange>
	</exchanges>
</processDataSet>
