Process information
| Key Data Set Information | |
| Location | CN |
| Geographical representativeness description | The China United Cement Corporation |
| Name |
|
| Use advice for data set | When using the LCA data set for this cement production process, the following methodological considerations should be noted: The data represents the average annual operational processes for China United Cement Company and may not be representative for all cement production facilities or geographic locations. Ensure that the system boundaries, which include raw material and energy production, transportation, and waste management processes, align with the scope of the LCA study being conducted. Additionally, the process assumes the use of NSP technology and the substitution of industrial solid waste for clay and gypsum, which should be taken into account for accurate environmental impact assessments. |
| Technical purpose of product or process | This cement production process with the integration of alternative constituents ranging from 6-20% is specifically designed for producing Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) with a 28-day compressive strength of 32.5 MPa. This OPC is suitable for general construction activities, including the construction of buildings, roads, bridges, and other structures where moderate strength concrete is adequate. The new suspension preheater (NSP) technology and the use of industrial solid wastes as substitutes for traditional raw materials reflect the process's application in environmentally conscious manufacturing practices within the cement industry. |
| Classification |
Class name
:
Hierarchy level
|
| General comment on data set | Common cement where the 3rd day compressive strength is greater than 10 MPa and the 28th day compressive strength is 32.5 MPa. Industrial solid waste that contains silica and flue gas desulfurized (FGD) gypsum is used in cement manufacture instead of clay and gypsum. The main stream of cement production – new suspension preheater (NSP) – is applied in the Chinese cement industry. There are three primary production processes: The pulverized coal and raw material preparation process, including the transfer, grinding, homogenization, and storage of raw materials, and the grinding and storage of coal. In the incineration process, the ground and mixed raw materials are inputted into the preheater and then the calciner and decomposed with 60% coal at 950 ◦C. The limestone decomposes to about 95% in the calciner and 5% in the kiln. The decomposed materials fall into the kiln and are incinerated to clinker with 40% coal at a temperature of over 1400◦C. In the finishing process, the cement is produced when the clinker, mineral additions, and gypsum are granulated finely by a grinding mill. The raw materials are suspended and heated by recycled hot air in the preheater. |
| Copyright | No |
| Owner of data set | |
| Quantitative reference | |
| Reference flow(s) | |
| Technological representativeness | |
| Technology description including background system | The main stream of cement production – new suspension preheater (NSP) – is applied in the Chinese cement industry. There are three primary production processes: The pulverized coal and raw material preparation process, including the transfer, grinding, homogenization, and storage of raw materials, and the grinding and storage of coal. In the incineration process, the ground and mixed raw materials are inputted into the preheater and then the calciner and decomposed with 60% coal at 950 ◦C. The limestone decomposes to about 95% in the calciner and 5% in the kiln. The decomposed materials fall into the kiln and are incinerated to clinker with 40% coal at a temperature of over 1400 ◦C. In the finishing process, the cement is produced when the clinker, mineral additions, and gypsum are granulated finely by a grinding mill. The raw materials are suspended and heated by recycled hot air in the preheater (Hasanbeigi et al., 2010). |
| Flow diagram(s) or picture(s) | |
| Mathematical model | |
| Model description | One ton of cement with 32.5 MPa strength grade is used as functional unit (FU).System boundaries involve raw material and energy production, road transport, raw material crushing, clinker production, cement milling and packaging, waste heat energy recovery, direct emissions, on-site flue gas treatment and solid waste reuse in cement plants. |
Modelling and validation
Administrative information
Inputs and Outputs