| Key Data Set Information | |
| Location | SH-CN |
| Geographical representativeness description | The studied wind farm, the Donghai Bridge Offshore Wind Farm (DBOWF), is China's first offshore wind farm within the jurisdiction of Shanghai, as well as the first offshore wind farm outside Europe. The project has two-phases of construction, located on each side of the Donghai bridge (Fig. 1). |
| Reference year | 2009 |
| Name |
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| Use advice for data set | Data users should apply the provided Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) details to model energy consumption and environmental emissions of offshore wind farms accurately. The PLCA (Product Life Cycle Accounting) modeling method was applied. It is crucial to take into account the specific technical parameters from DBOWF's design documents (Table 2), the transportation energy for key materials and equipment, as well as the operational energy usage and emissions. When analyzing the lifecycle of the wind farm from cradle to grave, all four stages—manufacturing, transportation and installation, operation and maintenance, and dismantling and recycling—must be considered. The functional unit for comparison is 1 kWh of on-grid electricity provision. Attention must be paid to the uncertainties detailed in the sensitivity analysis of the study, as these can affect the outcome of the LCA. |
| Technical purpose of product or process | The described offshore wind turbine foundations are specifically designed for the Donghai Bridge Offshore Wind Farm (DBOWF). This windfarm utilizes 27 units of 3.6 megawatt (MW) wind turbines and an additional 5 MW wind turbine, intended for generating on-grid electricity. The construction and design of these foundations facilitate energy production from offshore winds, providing a renewable source of power. This technology is deployed in marine environments and is suitable for large-scale energy generation utilized by power networks. |
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| General comment on data set | The described offshore wind turbine foundations are specifically designed for the Donghai Bridge Offshore Wind Farm (DBOWF). This windfarm utilizes 27 units of 3.6 megawatt (MW) wind turbines and an additional 5 MW wind turbine, intended for generating on-grid electricity. The construction and design of these foundations facilitate energy production from offshore winds, providing a renewable source of power. This technology is deployed in marine environments and is suitable for large-scale energy generation utilized by power networks. |
| Copyright | No |
| Owner of data set | |
| Quantitative reference | |
| Reference flow(s) |
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| Functional Unit | The functional unit is 1 kWh on-grid electricity provision. |
| Technological representativeness | |
| LCI method and allocation | |||||
| Type of data set | Unit process, single operation | ||||
| LCI Method Principle | Consequential | ||||
| Deviation from LCI method principle / explanations | None | ||||
| Deviations from LCI method approaches / explanations | The present study employed the PLCA modeling approach to calculate the energy and environmental emissions of a typical offshore wind farm in China. The cradle-to-grave process includes four stages, materials and equipment manufacturing, transportation and installation, operation and maintenance, and dismantling and recycling (Fig. 2). | ||||
| Deviation from modelling constants / explanations | None | ||||
| Data sources, treatment and representativeness | |||||
| Deviation from data cut-off and completeness principles / explanations | None | ||||
| Data selection and combination principles | The technical parameters of wind turbines, foundations and cables are obtained from the design documents of the DBOWF (Table 2). For key materials and equipment, their sea transportation energy is calculated from the transportation load and shipping energy intensity. The facility installation energy and emissions were estimated based on the construction plan. The wind farm's operation and maintenance data, such as the frequency and working time of maintenance, were obtained from site investigations with engineers and technicians. The uncertainties associated with model parameters and input data are illustrated in the sensitivity analysis section of this paper. | ||||
| Deviation from data selection and combination principles / explanations | None | ||||
| Deviation from data treatment and extrapolations principles / explanations | None | ||||
| Data source(s) used for this data set | |||||
| Completeness | |||||
| Completeness of product model | No statement | ||||
| Validation | |||||
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| Data generator | |
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| Time stamp (last saved) | 2024-04-19T20:14:35+08:00 |
| Publication and ownership | |
| UUID | be0a1d7e-54ed-41aa-9678-b0fc2f1186e5 |
| Date of last revision | 2024-04-20T14:59:50.814792+08:00 |
| Data set version | 00.01.005 |
| Permanent data set URI | https://lcadata.tiangong.world/showProcess.xhtml?uuid=be0a1d7e-54ed-41aa-9678-b0fc2f1186e5&version=01.00.000&stock=TianGong |
| Owner of data set | |
| Copyright | No |
| License type | Free of charge for all users and uses |
Inputs
| Type of flow | Classification | Flow | Location | Mean amount | Resulting amount | Minimum amount | Maximum amount |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Product flow | Energy carriers and technologies / Crude oil based fuels | 911000.0 kg | 911000.0 kg | ||||
| Elementary flow | Resources / Resources from ground / Renewable energy resources from ground | 6.08E7 MJ | 6.08E7 MJ |
Outputs
| Type of flow | Classification | Flow | Location | Mean amount | Resulting amount | Minimum amount | Maximum amount | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elementary flow | Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified | 4108200.0 kg | 4108200.0 kg | ||||||
| Elementary flow | Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to lower stratosphere and upper troposphere | 4400.0 kg | 4400.0 kg | ||||||
| Elementary flow | Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified | 6300.0 kg | 6300.0 kg | ||||||
| Elementary flow | Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to lower stratosphere and upper troposphere | 45700.0 kg | 45700.0 kg | ||||||
| Product flow | Systems / Construction | 28.0 m3 | 28.0 m3 | ||||||
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