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<processDataSet xmlns:common="http://lca.jrc.it/ILCD/Common" xmlns="http://lca.jrc.it/ILCD/Process" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" version="1.1" locations="../ILCDLocations.xml" xsi:schemaLocation="http://lca.jrc.it/ILCD/Process ../../schemas/ILCD_ProcessDataSet.xsd">
	<processInformation>
		<dataSetInformation>
			<common:UUID>d7cb4edc-7316-42d7-90da-c09639feacb2</common:UUID>
			<name>
				<baseName xml:lang="en">End-of-life LFP battery Existing pyrometallurgy process</baseName>
				<baseName xml:lang="zh">废旧LFP电池火法冶金术</baseName>
			</name>
			<classificationInformation>
				<common:classification>
					<common:class level="0">Unit processes</common:class>
					<common:class level="1">End-of-life treatment</common:class>
					<common:class level="2">Material recycling</common:class>
				</common:classification>
			</classificationInformation>
			<common:generalComment xml:lang="en">Fully discharged EoL LFP batteries are first disassembled and crushed. The battery material is then processed through a 1400℃ smelting (or sintering) process. This is followed by acid leaching and solvent extraction. Finally, oxidation and roasting at 900℃ to obtain LiCoO2.</common:generalComment>
			<common:generalComment xml:lang="zh">首先将完全放电的EoL LFP电池拆解和破碎。然后，电池材料通过1400℃高温冶炼（或称为烧结）过程进行处理。接着进行酸浸，溶剂萃取。最后氧化并进行900℃焙烧得到LiCoO2</common:generalComment>
		</dataSetInformation>
		<quantitativeReference type="Reference flow(s)">
			<functionalUnitOrOther xml:lang="en">using 1 kWh as the functionalunit</functionalUnitOrOther>
			<referenceToReferenceFlow>10</referenceToReferenceFlow>
		</quantitativeReference>
		<time>
			<common:referenceYear>2018</common:referenceYear>
		</time>
		<geography>
			<locationOfOperationSupplyOrProduction location="CN"/>
		</geography>
		<technology>
			<technologyDescriptionAndIncludedProcesses xml:lang="en">The organic binder is removed by calcination, the lithium iron phosphate powder is separated from the aluminum foil, and the lithium iron phosphate material is obtained, and then an appropriate amount of raw material is added to it to obtain the required molar ratio of lithium, iron and phosphorus, and a new lithium iron phosphate is synthesized by high temperature solid phase method.</technologyDescriptionAndIncludedProcesses>
			<technologyDescriptionAndIncludedProcesses xml:lang="zh">通过煅烧去除有机粘结剂，使磷酸铁锂粉末与铝箔片分离，获得磷酸铁锂材料，之后再在其中加入适量原料，以得到所需的锂、铁、磷的摩尔比，经高温固相法合成新的磷酸铁锂。</technologyDescriptionAndIncludedProcesses>
			<technologicalApplicability xml:lang="en">The pyrometallurgical process described is utilized for the recycling of end-of-life (EoL) lithium iron phosphate (LFP) batteries. This specific procedure, involving disassembly, crushing, high-temperature sintering at 1400℃, acid leaching, solvent extraction, and a final roasting step at 900℃, is targeted at recovering valuable materials, particularly lithium and cobalt, in the form of lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2). The recovered compounds are vital for manufacturing new batteries or for other applications requiring these materials.</technologicalApplicability>
			<technologicalApplicability xml:lang="zh">所描述的火法冶金工艺用于回收使用寿命结束的磷酸铁锂（LFP）电池。该程序包括拆卸、破碎、1400℃高温烧结、酸浸、溶剂萃取，以及最终在900℃下焙烧步骤，目的在于回收宝贵材料，尤其是以锂钴氧化物（LiCoO2）形式的锂和钴。所回收的化合物对于制造新电池或需要使用这些材料的其他应用至关重要。</technologicalApplicability>
			<referenceToTechnologyFlowDiagrammOrPicture type="source data set" refObjectId="b0ab321a-3918-3ac9-efa4-51766c450c22" uri="../sources/b0ab321a-3918-3ac9-efa4-51766c450c22.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">JjUeb4Himo4B6jxjZ0CcdSgynqb.png</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToTechnologyFlowDiagrammOrPicture>
		</technology>
	</processInformation>
	<modellingAndValidation>
		<LCIMethodAndAllocation>
			<typeOfDataSet>Unit process, single operation</typeOfDataSet>
			<deviationsFromLCIMethodPrinciple xml:lang="en">None</deviationsFromLCIMethodPrinciple>
			<deviationsFromLCIMethodPrinciple xml:lang="zh">无</deviationsFromLCIMethodPrinciple>
			<deviationsFromModellingConstants xml:lang="en">None</deviationsFromModellingConstants>
			<deviationsFromModellingConstants xml:lang="zh">无</deviationsFromModellingConstants>
		</LCIMethodAndAllocation>
		<dataSourcesTreatmentAndRepresentativeness>
			<deviationsFromCutOffAndCompletenessPrinciples xml:lang="en">None</deviationsFromCutOffAndCompletenessPrinciples>
			<deviationsFromCutOffAndCompletenessPrinciples xml:lang="zh">无</deviationsFromCutOffAndCompletenessPrinciples>
			<dataSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples xml:lang="en">The data come from multiple papers and are difficult to distinguish.</dataSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples>
			<dataSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples xml:lang="zh">数据来自多篇论文，难以区分。</dataSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples>
			<deviationsFromSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples xml:lang="en">None</deviationsFromSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples>
			<deviationsFromSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples xml:lang="zh">无</deviationsFromSelectionAndCombinationPrinciples>
			<deviationsFromTreatmentAndExtrapolationPrinciples xml:lang="en">None</deviationsFromTreatmentAndExtrapolationPrinciples>
			<deviationsFromTreatmentAndExtrapolationPrinciples xml:lang="zh">无</deviationsFromTreatmentAndExtrapolationPrinciples>
			<referenceToDataSource type="source data set" refObjectId="c64ac7ef-1633-4a17-b3f8-6bb8ebe28c6b" uri="../sources/c64ac7ef-1633-4a17-b3f8-6bb8ebe28c6b.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">Wang, Y. et al. Environmental impact assessment of second life and recycling for LiFePO4 power batteries in China. Journal of Environmental Management 314, 115083 (2022).</common:shortDescription>
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="zh">Wang, Y. et al. Environmental impact assessment of second life and recycling for LiFePO4 power batteries in China. Journal of Environmental Management 314, 115083 (2022).</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToDataSource>
			<useAdviceForDataSet xml:lang="en">When using the data set for life cycle assessment of the described pyrometallurgy recycling process, ensure that the functional unit is consistent with 1 kWh of battery capacity. This data must be distinguished from other recycling processes, and it should be noted that the information provided is derived from multiple papers. Attention should be given to methodological consistencies, such as system boundaries, assumptions on the efficiency of the recovery process, energy inputs, as well as emissions during the recycling steps. Users must ensure that the technological applicability is compatible with similar end-of-life battery treatments and is representative of the actual recycling practices.</useAdviceForDataSet>
			<useAdviceForDataSet xml:lang="zh">在使用该数据集进行所述火法冶金回收工艺的生命周期评估时，确保功能单元与1 kWh电池容量一致。必须将这些数据与其他回收处理过程区分开，需要注意的是，提供的信息来源于多篇论文。应关注方法论的一致性，如系统边界、回收过程效率的假设、能量投入以及回收步骤中的排放。用户必须确保技术适用性与类似的电池使用寿命结束处理相兼容，且能代表实际的回收实践。</useAdviceForDataSet>
		</dataSourcesTreatmentAndRepresentativeness>
		<completeness/>
		<validation>
			<review type="Dependent internal review">
				<common:reviewDetails xml:lang="en">Inventory: The internal review was done by several iteration steps concerning raw data validation, raw data documentation, representativity, completeness and consistency of modelling with regard to ISO 14040 and 14044.</common:reviewDetails>
				<common:reviewDetails xml:lang="zh">清单： 内部审查通过几个迭代步骤完成，涉及原始数据验证、原始数据记录、代表性、完整性、与 ISO 14040 和 14044 有关的建模的一致性。</common:reviewDetails>
				<common:referenceToNameOfReviewerAndInstitution refObjectId="f4b4c314-8c4c-4c83-968f-5b3c7724f6a8" type="contact data set" uri="../contacts/f4b4c314-8c4c-4c83-968f-5b3c7724f6a8.xml">
					<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">Tiangong LCI Data Working Group</common:shortDescription>
					<common:shortDescription xml:lang="zh">天工LCI数据工作小组</common:shortDescription>
				</common:referenceToNameOfReviewerAndInstitution>
			</review>
		</validation>
	</modellingAndValidation>
	<administrativeInformation>
		<dataGenerator>
			<common:referenceToPersonOrEntityGeneratingTheDataSet type="contact data set" refObjectId="8924c2ac-1cb9-4357-b504-a822d7b7abef" uri="../contacts/8924c2ac-1cb9-4357-b504-a822d7b7abef.xml" version="01.00.000">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">Pengfei, pengfei24@email.ncu.edu.cn</common:shortDescription>
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="zh">彭菲, pengfei24@email.ncu.edu.cn</common:shortDescription>
			</common:referenceToPersonOrEntityGeneratingTheDataSet>
			<common:other xml:lang="en">pengfei24@email.ncu.edu.cn</common:other>
			<common:other xml:lang="zh">pengfei24@email.ncu.edu.cn</common:other>
		</dataGenerator>
		<dataEntryBy>
			<common:timeStamp>2024-04-11T16:28:16+08:00</common:timeStamp>
		</dataEntryBy>
		<publicationAndOwnership>
			<common:dateOfLastRevision>2024-04-20T14:28:24.216316+08:00</common:dateOfLastRevision>
			<common:dataSetVersion>00.01.005</common:dataSetVersion>
			<common:permanentDataSetURI>https://lcadata.tiangong.world/showProcess.xhtml?uuid=d7cb4edc-7316-42d7-90da-c09639feacb2&amp;amp;version=01.00.000&amp;amp;stock=TianGong</common:permanentDataSetURI>
			<common:referenceToOwnershipOfDataSet refObjectId="f4b4c314-8c4c-4c83-968f-5b3c7724f6a8" type="contact data set" uri="../contacts/f4b4c314-8c4c-4c83-968f-5b3c7724f6a8.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">Tiangong LCI Data Working Group</common:shortDescription>
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="zh">天工LCI数据工作小组</common:shortDescription>
			</common:referenceToOwnershipOfDataSet>
			<common:copyright>false</common:copyright>
			<common:licenseType>Free of charge for all users and uses</common:licenseType>
		</publicationAndOwnership>
	</administrativeInformation>
	<exchanges>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="0">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="c431c0c3-3f5e-4b7b-af99-2ebbdcaf5f98" uri="../flows/c431c0c3-3f5e-4b7b-af99-2ebbdcaf5f98.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">Limestone</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Input</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>1.36</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>1.36</resultingAmount>

			<generalComment xml:lang="en">Limestone, gravel, production mix、EU-28</generalComment>
			<generalComment xml:lang="zh">石灰石、砾石、生产混合物、EU-28</generalComment>
		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="1">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="ab075166-62d0-468a-a30f-c1b69c0ec219" uri="../flows/ab075166-62d0-468a-a30f-c1b69c0ec219.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">Sulphuric acid</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Input</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>4.39</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>4.39</resultingAmount>

			<generalComment xml:lang="en"> Sulphuric acid, production mix、EU-28  </generalComment>
			<generalComment xml:lang="zh"> 硫酸，生产混合物、EU-28</generalComment>
		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="2">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="4f1a1830-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66" uri="../flows/4f1a1830-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">sodium hydroxide</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Input</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>3.0</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>3.0</resultingAmount>

			<generalComment xml:lang="en">Sodium hydroxide, production mix、EU-28</generalComment>
			<generalComment xml:lang="zh">氢氧化钠，生产混合物、EU-28</generalComment>
		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="3">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="c566e036-2e0c-4f44-b4c2-08dc00af93c2" uri="../flows/c566e036-2e0c-4f44-b4c2-08dc00af93c2.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">Hydrogen peroxide</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Input</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>0.25</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>0.25</resultingAmount>

			<generalComment xml:lang="en">Hydrogen peroxide</generalComment>
			<generalComment xml:lang="zh">过氧化氢</generalComment>
		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="4">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="890a70b7-b677-4e2a-8a1b-7d017e0a10ae" uri="../flows/890a70b7-b677-4e2a-8a1b-7d017e0a10ae.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">Electricity</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Input</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>0.074</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>0.074</resultingAmount>

		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="5">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="4f19ca0e-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66" uri="../flows/4f19ca0e-7b3b-11dd-ad8b-0800200c9a66.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">natural gas,natural gas</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Input</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>6.84</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>6.84</resultingAmount>

		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="6">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="726a7406-294b-4da6-b772-5612b0be0014" uri="../flows/726a7406-294b-4da6-b772-5612b0be0014.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">Carbon dioxide (fossil)</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Output</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>10.32</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>10.32</resultingAmount>

			<generalComment xml:lang="en">The original text does not distinguish between bio and fossil, and according to experts, it is fossil here</generalComment>
			<generalComment xml:lang="zh">原文未区分bio和fossil，根据专家判断此处为fossil</generalComment>
		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="7">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-ae5c-0050c2490048" uri="../flows/fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-ae5c-0050c2490048.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">copper</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Output</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>0.98</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>0.98</resultingAmount>

		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="8">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-959a-0050c2490048" uri="../flows/08a91e70-3ddc-11dd-959a-0050c2490048.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">iron</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Output</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>0.91</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>0.91</resultingAmount>

		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="9">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-ab5f-0050c2490048" uri="../flows/fe0acd60-3ddc-11dd-ab5f-0050c2490048.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">aluminium</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Output</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>0.14</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>0.14</resultingAmount>

		</exchange>
		<exchange dataSetInternalID="10">
			<referenceToFlowDataSet type="flow data set" refObjectId="f67a795a-d5de-493f-9791-e8478617e8ca" uri="../flows/f67a795a-d5de-493f-9791-e8478617e8ca.xml">
				<common:shortDescription xml:lang="en">EoL LFP battery</common:shortDescription>
			</referenceToFlowDataSet>
			<exchangeDirection>Input</exchangeDirection>
			<meanAmount>3.6</meanAmount>
			<resultingAmount>3.6</resultingAmount>

		</exchange>
	</exchanges>
</processDataSet>
