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Process Data set: cement production;cement, portland-composite cement;new dry process precalciner kiln, 4000 t/d;mixed solid wastes (en) en zh

Key Data Set Information
Location CN
Name
cement production;cement, portland-composite cement;new dry process precalciner kiln, 4000 t/d;mixed solid wastes
Use advice for data set When using this dataset for life cycle assessment of Portland-composite cement, consider the following: 1) If incorporating recycling in your model, ensure that only the transportation and preparation process impacts of industrial wastes and auxiliary materials like slag and fly ash are accounted for, excluding their production processes. 2) The dataset reflects pollutant emissions from the production of electricity from the national average grid, raw material extraction, and average transportation distances of 100km for inputs. 3) The life cycle functional unit is based on 1 tonne of cement, and the system boundary encompasses cement production, raw material production and transportation, as well as electricity production, excluding the use and processing of cement.
Technical purpose of product or process The Portland-composite cement produced by the new dry process precalciner kiln is intended for a variety of construction applications requiring high strength and durability. It is specifically designed for large-scale production, ensuring compatibility with more environmentally friendly manufacturing methods and compliance with advancing productivity needs within China’s cement industry. This cement is typically used in construction projects such as buildings, bridges, and roads.
Classification
Class name : Hierarchy level
  • ILCD: Unit processes / Materials production / Other mineralic materials
General comment on data set The new dry pre-decomposition cement production model is selected.
Copyright No
Owner of data set
Quantitative reference
Reference flow(s)
Technological representativeness
Technology description including background system This article selects a pre-decomposition kiln-drying cement production model. The new dry pre-decomposition cement production technology is based on suspension preheating and pre-decomposition technology. It is a production technology that is more in line with environmental protection requirements and meets high productivity requirements, and has become the future development trend of China's cement industry. Therefore, the selection of new dry pre-decomposition cement production technology as cement model production technology has advanced and environmentally friendly requirements.
Flow diagram(s) or picture(s)
  • GMjfbtw8dok4zYxqVMrc4oxAnQe.png Image
Mathematical model
Model description The life cycle functional unit is selected as 1t of cement to construct the life cycle model.The cement industry system boundary includes the production of cement, the production and transportation of raw materials, and the production of electricity, but does not include the use and processing of cement.For auxiliary materials such as slag and fly ash, only the transportation and preparation process will be considered, and the production process will not be considered.
LCI method and allocation
Type of data set Unit process, black box
Deviation from LCI method principle / explanations None
Deviation from modelling constants / explanations None
Data sources, treatment and representativeness
Deviation from data cut-off and completeness principles / explanations None
Data selection and combination principles Pollutant emission data from limestone and gypsum mining come from the China Life Cycle Reference Database (CLCD). Due to the lack of mining data for clay and iron ore and the small amount of mining, the pollutant emission data from limestone mining were used as estimates. The pollutant emission data from coal mining adopt the raw coal mining data from the China Life Cycle Reference Database (CLCD).The power production pollutant emission data uses the national average grid power mixing and transmission data from the China Life Cycle Reference Database (CLCD).The transportation stage considers the transportation of all raw materials required for cement production, including limestone, clay, iron powder, gypsum, coal and industrial waste. For the convenience of calculation, a diesel truck with a load of 10t on highway transportation is taken as an example. It is assumed that the average transportation of all raw materials The distance is 100km. The pollutant emission inventory data of diesel trucks with a load of 10 tons in the China Life Cycle Reference Data (CLCD) are used.
Deviation from data selection and combination principles / explanations None
Deviation from data treatment and extrapolations principles / explanations None
Data source(s) used for this data set
Completeness
Completeness of product model No statement
Validation
Type of review
Dependent internal review
Reviewer name and institution
Data generator
Data set generator / modeller
Data entry by
Time stamp (last saved) 2024-04-19T19:59:47+08:00
Publication and ownership
UUID dceab759-6625-48ae-a80c-3316226bfeaa
Date of last revision 2024-04-20T14:41:38.024379+08:00
Data set version 00.01.005
Permanent data set URI https://lcadata.tiangong.world/showProcess.xhtml?uuid=dceab759-6625-48ae-a80c-3316226bfeaa&version=01.00.000&stock=TianGong
Owner of data set
Copyright No
License type Free of charge for all users and uses

Inputs

Type of flow Classification Flow Location Mean amount Resulting amount Minimum amount Maximum amount
Product flow
Materials production / Other mineralic materials 848.37 kg848.37 kg
General comment Limestone
Elementary flow
Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable material resources from ground 143.55 kg143.55 kg
General comment Clay
Product flow
Materials production / Metals and semimetals 26.04 kg26.04 kg
General comment Iron powder
Product flow
Materials production / Other mineralic materials 50.0 kg50.0 kg
General comment Gypsum. The standard values of GB-175-2007 General Portland Cement in China are used for each component of the cement.
Waste flow
Materials production / Other mineralic materials 100.0 kg100.0 kg
General comment blast furnace slag. Each general-purpose cement component uses China GB-175-2007 general-purpose silicate cement standard value.
Waste flow
Wastes 200.0 kg200.0 kg
General comment Fly ash. Each general-purpose cement component uses China GB-175-2007 general-purpose silicate cement standard value.
Elementary flow
Resources / Resources from ground / Non-renewable energy resources from ground 68.4 MJ68.4 MJ
General comment Coal. The statistical values of Chinese production lines are used, and the standard coal consumption for large and medium-sized precalciner kilns is 114 kg/t clinker. The coal consumption can also be calculated based on the chemical composition of coal ash and the industrial analysis values of coal.
Product flow
Energy carriers and technologies / Electricity 354.06 MJ354.06 MJ
General comment Electricity consumption. The average level of domestic electricity consumption in China is used. For dry-process cement production lines, the electricity consumption for milling operations accounts for more than 60% of the total electricity consumption, with raw material milling accounting for about 30% and cement milling accounting for about 40%. Due to limited data on raw material mining, a simplified treatment is adopted for various raw materials, and the electricity consumption data of 13.89 kWh/t raw materials are used. For different types of blended cement, the electricity consumption for milling different raw materials varies due to differences in their shapes and properties. The estimation is based on the percentage of electricity consumption for milling raw materials in the United States.

Outputs

Type of flow Classification Flow Location Mean amount Resulting amount Minimum amount Maximum amount
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified 604.0 kg604.0 kg
General comment CO2. The CO2 emissions during the cement production stage come from two parts: one is the decomposition of calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate in the raw materials during the calcination process, and the other is the release of CO2 from coal combustion as fuel. The formulas for CO2 emissions from raw materials are: CaCO3→CaO+CO2; MgCO3→MgO+CO2. The emission factor for CO2 from coal combustion is based on the carbon emission coefficient from the Chinese Academy of Engineering, which is 2.4933 kg CO2 per kg of standard coal.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified 0.372 kg0.372 kg
General comment SO2. The emission of SO2 is based on the results of the first national survey of pollution sources in the Chinese cement industry (SO2 0.066kg/t clinker).
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified 1.92 kg1.92 kg
General comment NOx. The emission of NOx is based on the results of the first national survey of pollution sources in the Chinese cement industry (NOx 1.584kg/t clinker).
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified 0.341 kg0.341 kg
General comment Dust, with an unspecified particle size, is treated as PM > 10 micrometers in diameter. The emissions of dust during cement production are based on the upper limit values of the Chinese cement industry atmospheric pollutant emission standards. According to the dust emission concentration from different equipment in cement production, the dust emission quantity from each production stage can be calculated. Among them, the dust emission from raw material grinding accounts for approximately 55% of the total, cement grinding accounts for about 20%, coal preparation stage accounts for 13%, and clinker calcination process accounts for 12%.
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to water / Emissions to water, unspecified 0.0102 kg0.0102 kg
General comment COD. The emission of COD is based on the results of the first national survey of pollution sources in the Chinese cement industry (COD 0.06g/t clinker).
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to water / Emissions to water, unspecified 0.261 kg0.261 kg
General comment Oil
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to air / Emissions to air, unspecified 0.733 kg0.733 kg
General comment Methane
Elementary flow
Emissions / Emissions to water / Emissions to water, unspecified 0.00793 kg0.00793 kg
General comment Mercury
Product flow
Materials production / Other mineralic materials 1000.0 kg1000.0 kg
General comment Composite silicate cement