e9daf471-28f2-4402-9570-e16422e507d0Rare earth Crushing and milling;dysprosium;Bastnaesite/Monazite (B/M);Rare Earth Elements (REE) containing ore稀土破碎磨粉;镝;B/M;含稀土矿石Unit processesMaterials productionNon-energetic raw materialsThe rare earth crushing and milling process of dysprosium is intended for the extraction and processing of REE containing ore, specifically targeting the production of dysprosium from ores in Southern China and Bayan Obo regions. Dysprosium is commonly used in the manufacturing of permanent magnets, which are critical components in various high-tech applications including electric motors, wind turbine generators, and advanced electronics.稀土破碎磨粉过程针对的是从华南地区和白云鄂博矿石中提取和加工含稀土元素的矿石，特别是生产镝。镝在生产永磁体时经常使用，这些永磁体是电机、风力涡轮发电机和先进电子产品等多种高科技应用中的关键组件。The goal of this investigation is to compare environmental impacts related to the production of 1 kg Dy (functional unit) from IAC (Southern China), from B/M ore (Bayan Obo), and from an eudialyte deposit (Norra Kärr) using the LCA method9Southern China and Bayan Obo华南地区和白云鄂博The goal of this investigation is to compare environmental impacts related to the production of 1 kg Dy (functional unit) from IAC (Southern China), from B/M ore (Bayan Obo), and from an eudialyte deposit (Norra Kärr) using the LCA method本次调查的目的是比较 IAC（中国南方）、B/M 矿石（白云鄂博）和 eudialyte 矿床（Norra Kärr）生产 1 千克镝（功能单位）的环境影响，使用生命周期分析法The rare earth crushing and milling process of dysprosium is intended for the extraction and processing of REE containing ore, specifically targeting the production of dysprosium from ores in Southern China and Bayan Obo regions. Dysprosium is commonly used in the manufacturing of permanent magnets, which are critical components in various high-tech applications including electric motors, wind turbine generators, and advanced electronics.稀土破碎磨粉过程针对的是从华南地区和白云鄂博矿石中提取和加工含稀土元素的矿石，特别是生产镝。镝在生产永磁体时经常使用，这些永磁体是电机、风力涡轮发电机和先进电子产品等多种高科技应用中的关键组件。QJkUbU1xqovftbx6brScvVp2njb.pngUnit process, single operationAttributionalNone无Allocation - massIn this study, an allocation method based on the mass of produced REEs combined with their market prices (based on an international metals market analysis and pricing index company ) are considered, as usual for metals with strongly different prices. As the ores have different compositions, the allocation factor has to be assessed individually for each site.None无None无None无None无Zapp, P., Marx, J., Schreiber, A., Friedrich, B. & Voßenkaul, D. Comparison of dysprosium production from different resources by life cycle assessment. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 130, 248–259 (2018).Zapp, P., Marx, J., Schreiber, A., Friedrich, B. & Voßenkaul, D. Comparison of dysprosium production from different resources by life cycle assessment. Resources, Conservation and Recycling 130, 248–259 (2018).When using this LCA data set for the assessment of environmental impacts related to the production of dysprosium, it is imperative to apply an allocation method based on the mass of produced REEs combined with their market prices. Due to varying ore compositions across different sites, allocation factors must be assessed individually for each location. Ensure that the methodological approach is consistent with the established international guidelines for Life Cycle Assessment. Pay special attention to system boundary definitions and the allocation procedures due to the economic significance of dysprosium and other REEs extracted in conjunction.在使用这个生命周期评估（LCA）数据集来评估与生产镝相关的环境影响时，必须采用一种基于所产稀土元素的质量与其市场价格相结合的分配方法。因为不同地点矿石的组成各不相同，所以必须对每个地点的分配因素进行单独评估。确保方法论的途径与生命周期评估的既定国际准则相一致。由于镝和其他共同提取的稀土元素的经济重要性，特别注意系统边界定义和分配程序。Inventory: The internal review was done by several iteration steps concerning raw data validation, raw data documentation, representativity, completeness and consistency of modelling with regard to ISO 14040 and 14044.清单： 内部审查通过几个迭代步骤完成，涉及原始数据验证、原始数据记录、代表性、完整性、与 ISO 14040 和 14044 有关的建模的一致性。Tiangong LCI Data Working Group天工LCI数据工作小组Tao Wang, twang@iue.ac.cn汪涛, twang@iue.ac.cntwang@iue.ac.cntwang@iue.ac.cn2024-01-04T18:04:28+08:002024-04-20T15:07:16.862194+08:0000.01.005https://lcadata.tiangong.world/showProcess.xhtml?uuid=e9daf471-28f2-4402-9570-e16422e507d0&version=01.00.000&stock=TianGongTiangong LCI Data Working Group天工LCI数据工作小组falseFree of charge for all users and usesElectricityInput7.6320000000000017.632000000000001Crushing: value per crushing step estimated by experts from RWTH Aachen University 1.0 kWh/t ore (carbonatite)Crushing: value per crushing step estimated by experts from RWTH Aachen University 1.0 kWh/t ore (carbonatite)SteelInput0.0430.043Steel. Crushing: low-alloyed, 0.035 kg/t ore estimated by experts from RWTH Aachen UniversitySteel. Crushing: low-alloyed, 0.035 kg/t ore estimated by experts from RWTH Aachen Universitytransport in t*km,transport in t*kmInput0.000840.00084Crushing: transport, freight, lorry >32 metric ton, EURO3. 20 km assumedCrushing: transport, freight, lorry >32 metric ton, EURO3. 20 km assumedparticles (> PM10),particles (> PM10),particles (>PM10)Output3.7773.777CalculatedDust. Crushing: dust (PM10), (PM2.5 - PM10), (PM2.5) Particles to air. Calculation is based on Western Regional Air Partnership (WRAPAIR, 2006), distribution of dust analog Althaus et al. (2007a)Dust. Crushing: dust (PM10), (PM2.5 - PM10), (PM2.5) Particles to air. Calculation is based on Western Regional Air Partnership (WRAPAIR, 2006), distribution of dust analog Althaus et al. (2007a) Radioactive dust, wasteOutput5.465.46CalculatedRadioactive dust, waste. Crushing: Uranium (U238) [Radioactive emissions to air]. based on Th232 and U238 activity in the ore.Radioactive dust, waste. Crushing: Uranium (U238) [Radioactive emissions to air]. based on Th232 and U238 activity in the ore.ElectricityInput55.18855.188CalculatedMilling: own calculation with Bond index formulaMilling: own calculation with Bond index formulaSteelOutput1.371.37CalculatedSteel. Milling: calculation is based on Abrasion indexSteel. Milling: calculation is based on Abrasion indexwaterOutput1335.01335.0MeasuredMilling: production of ore pulp with 40 % milled oreMilling: production of ore pulp with 40 % milled oretransport in t*km,transport in t*kmOutput0.02730.0273Milling: 20 kmMilling: 20 km Ore pulp Output183.12183.12Ore pulp. Milling: 150 km for the crushed oreOre pulp. Milling: 150 km for the crushed oreElectricityInput0.72000000000000010.7200000000000001Magnetic separation: calculation is based on a Selection Guide for Process Equipment, electricity mix 2014Magnetic separation: calculation is based on a Selection Guide for Process Equipment, electricity mix 2014 Iron oxide Output612.0612.0Calculated Iron oxide. Magnetic separation: Iron oxide (II-oxide) [Inorganic intermediate products], calculation is based on ore concentration and yield Iron oxide. Magnetic separation: Iron oxide (II-oxide) [Inorganic intermediate products], calculation is based on ore concentration and yield Niobium oxide Output1.771.77CalculatedNiobium oxide. Magnetic separation: Niobium oxide, calculation is based on ore concentration and yieldNiobium oxide. Magnetic separation: Niobium oxide, calculation is based on ore concentration and yieldtailings (unspecified)Output365.0365.0CalculatedMagnetic separation: mass estimated by experts from RWTH Aachen University (Stark, 05.08.2015)Magnetic separation: mass estimated by experts from RWTH Aachen University (Stark, 05.08.2015) Ore pulp Output2770.02770.0CalculatedOre pulp. Magnetic separation: input for next process: FlotationOre pulp. Magnetic separation: input for next process: Flotation