Process information
| Key Data Set Information | |
| Location | CN |
| Reference year | 2004 |
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| Use advice for data set | When using this data set for LCA purposes, ensure that the system boundary definition aligns with the scope of the assessment. The conversion ratio of the functional unit of 'P·O cement' to 'clinker' of 1:0.75 must be applied when comparing the impacts of different cement products. Data users should account for regional practice where the admixture content of P·O cement does not exceed 20% and the gypsum content does not exceed 5%. The input and output data applicability should also be verified against the specific time period (2004-2007 and 2010) and geographical context (China's Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Economic Zone) provided. |
| Technical purpose of product or process | This data set represents the ordinary Portland cement production process using New Suspended Preheater (NSP) technology. The described cement is predominantly used in construction and infrastructure projects, such as buildings, roads, bridges, and dams. The process involves raw material preparation, incineration in a kiln with preheating and calcination stages, and final cement grinding. The cement produced has specific content limits for admixtures and gypsum as per the standards in China. |
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| General comment on data set | In the burning or incineration process, the raw meal is fed from feed inlet to the preheater, and then falls into the calciner to decompose with coal combustion at 950 °C. Afterward, this decomposed materials fall into the kiln to be incinerated to form a new intermediate product–clinker over 1400 °C. This is New Suspended Preheater (NSP) technology. In 2012, there are more than 80% cement plants in China applying New Suspended Preheater (NSP) technology (CCA, 2013). In the final finishing process, cement is produced by granulating clinker, admixture and gypsum finely in cement grinding mill. |
| Copyright | No |
| Owner of data set | |
| Quantitative reference | |
| Reference flow(s) | |
| Technological representativeness | |
| Technology description including background system | In the burning or incineration process, the raw meal is fed from feed inlet to the preheater, and then falls into the calciner to decompose with coal combustion at 950 C. Afterward, this decomposed materials fall into the kiln to be incinerated to form a new intermediate product–clinker over 1400 C. This is NSP (New Suspended Preheater) technology. In 2012, there are more than 80% cement plants in China applying NSP technology (CCA, 2013). In the final finishing process, cement is produced by granulating clinker, admixture and gypsum finely in cement grinding mill. |
| Flow diagram(s) or picture(s) | |
| Mathematical model | |
| Model description | “1 t P·O cement” and “1 t clinker (cl)” are both used as functional units. According to data from the China Cement Association (CCA), 2013), P·O (ordinary Portland) cement accounts for more than 50% of total cement sales. In China, the admixture content of P·O cement shall not exceed 20%, and the gypsum content shall not exceed 5%. Therefore, the functional unit of "P·O cement" can be converted into "clinker" at a ratio of 1:0.75.The system boundary includes the cement production process within the scope of the cement plant, including preparation, incineration and finishing processes. The preparation process includes the transportation of raw materials and coal, transfer from the stockyard to the mill, grinding, homogenization and storage in silos. |
Modelling and validation
Administrative information
Inputs and Outputs